中国水产科学2026，Vol.33Issue(8)：126-135,10.DOI:10.12264/JFSC2025-0354
基于青海湖裸鲤耳石微结构的群体鉴别与增殖放流效果评估
Application of otolith microstructure in population identification of Gymnocypris przewalskii and evaluation of stock enhancement effects
摘要
Abstract
Stock enhancement of Gymnocypris przewalskii constitutes a core conservation strategy for the recovery of this endemic and endangered species in the Qinghai Lake basin,and a scientifically rigorous quantification of its contribution to wild population restoration is a critical prerequisite for evidence-based management.In this study,we developed a validated identification framework for hatchery-released individuals by systematically comparing otolith microstructural signatures between wild and stocked populations,and further applied this approach to field-collected river samples to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of stock enhancement to G.przewalskii resource restoration.Significant inter-group differences were detected in the diameter of the first otolith growth ring:individuals from hatchery origin exhibited markedly larger first growth rings than their wild counterparts,a pattern primarily driven by the accelerated somatic growth during the first year of life under optimal artificial rearing conditions(i.e.,constant water temperature and ad libitum food availability),which led to faster otolith mineral deposition.Using the first growth ring diameter as a diagnostic phenotypic marker,we performed K-means clustering analysis on all river-captured samples,and the results showed that 17.09%(n=54)of the total sampled individuals were assigned to Cluster 1,which was dominated by hatchery-released fish and could be unambiguously classified as artificial-origin individuals.The age composition of the sampled river population ranged from 5 to 9 years,indicating that these hatchery-derived individuals originated from the stock enhancement activities implemented during 2015-2019 and have now recruited into the spawning population.Combined with the long-term dataset of annual hatchery release scale and wild resource dynamics of G.przewalskii in Qinghai Lake since 2002,we estimated that the overall contribution rate of artificial stock enhancement to the current resource restoration is approximately 21.42%.This study demonstrates that otolith microstructural analysis provides a robust,cost-effective technical support for quantifying the efficacy of stock enhancement programs,and confirms that targeted artificial release is a practical and effective measure to compensate for the recruitment deficit of natural G.przewalskii populations.关键词
青海湖裸鲤/耳石微结构/群体鉴别/增殖放流效果评估Key words
Gymnocypris przewalskii/otolith microstructure/population identification/stock enhancement effectiveness assessment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
周天鹏,蒋海鹏,匡箴,梁翼东,汪洋,祁洪芳,方弟安,徐东坡..基于青海湖裸鲤耳石微结构的群体鉴别与增殖放流效果评估[J].中国水产科学,2026,33(8):126-135,10.基金项目
农业农村部财政专项项目"西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境常态化监测" （）
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2023TD65). （2023TD65）
