电力科技与环保2026，Vol.42Issue(4)：529-543,15.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.002
二氧化碳高值化化学利用技术的研究进展
Research progress on high-value chemical utilization technology of carbon dioxide
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In the context of the carbon neutrality target,the continuous growth of total CO2 emissions and installed capacity of new energy has led to a surge in energy storage demand.It is a highly promising large-scale long-term energy storage technology to utilize renewable energy to drive the conversion of CO2 into high-value-added fuels or chemicals and store them in the form of chemical energy.[Methods]This paper reviews the research progress of energy storage technologies based on high-value utilization of CO2,including energy storage via catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to synthesize carbon-based fuels,electrochemical energy storage,and energy storage via microalgal CO2 fixation.It systematically analyzes the characteristics of various technical routes for energy storage based on high-value CO2 utilization,addresses key challenges such as catalyst development and system integration,and evaluates the adaptability of various technologies under different scenarios.[Results]The high-value utilization of CO2 requires at the technical level that products have high energy density,excellent energy storage efficiency,and compatibility with existing industrial infrastructure.At the economic level,it demands low raw material costs,high product added value,and feasibility of large-scale application.At the environmental level,it necessitates achieving a closed carbon cycle,low life-cycle carbon emissions,and resource recycling value.Liquid products from the high-value utilization of CO2,such as methanol,dimethyl ether and polyhydric alcohols,have a higher energy density,enabling more efficient storage as chemical energy in liquid fuels,easier transportation and simpler utilization in existing infrastructure.The energy storage technology via electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to formic acid or formate is characterized by mild reaction conditions(ambient temperature and pressure),low energy consumption,and rapid response,making it suitable for small and medium-sized energy storage scenarios.The energy storage technology via microalgal CO2 fixation achieves the synchronization of carbon fixation and energy production through photosynthesis,and can use industrial wastewater and flue gas as raw materials,boasting both environmental friendliness and resource recyclability.The above three technical routes have their own focuses and complement each other,allowing differentiated selection based on energy storage scale,scenario requirements,etc.,to fully cover diversified energy storage needs.[Conclusion]In general,the energy storage technology based on high-value utilization of CO2 provides key technical support from an overall perspective for the diversified utilization of renewable energy,energy conservation and emission reduction,and the construction of new energy storage systems under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.关键词
储能技术/二氧化碳利用/热催化还原/电催化还原/光催化还原Key words
energy storage technology/carbon dioxide utilization/thermocatalytic reduction/electrocatalytic reduction/photocatalytic reduction分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
曹新悦,高展颜,杨应举,苏毅,黄俊,吴大卫,沈腾,陈苗,刘晶..二氧化碳高值化化学利用技术的研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):529-543,15.基金项目
湖北省中央引导地方科技发展项目(2024CSA088) （2024CSA088）
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2025A1515011772) （2025A1515011772）
深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20230807143703008) （JCYJ20230807143703008）
