农业与技术2026，Vol.46Issue(10)：19-24,6.DOI:10.19754/j.nyyjs.20261030004
陇东地区矮化密植苹果品种新梢与枝径生长的策略分化特征
Strategic Differentiation Characteristics of Shoot and Branch Diameter Growth of Dwarf and Densely Planted Apple Varieties in Longdong Area
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the dynamic differences in shoot elongation and branch diameter growth among three apple varieties—"Envy","Ruixue",and"Qincui"—under dwarf dense-planting conditions in the Longdong region,so as to provide a theoretical basis for variety selection and refined tree management in this area.Three-year-old dwarf apple trees planted at a spacing of 3 m×1 m were used as experimental materials.Under uniform water and fertilizer management,shoot length and branch diameter were measured at regular intervals throughout the 2025 growing season(from April 18 to November 14).A combination of quantitative statistical analysis and qualitative inductive reasoning was employed to systematically examine the growth rhythms and varietal differences.The shoot growth of all three varieties followed a"slow-fast-stable"S-shaped growth curve."Qincui"exhibited the highest total shoot growth(98 cm),followed by"Ruixue"(91 cm),and"Envy"the lowest(73 cm),with extremely significant differences among varieties.Based on curve morphology,"Qincui"and"Ruixue"could be classified as"sustained-growth type",while"Envy"belonged to the"early-stopping type".Regarding branch diameter,"Ruixue"achieved the largest final diameter(23.30 mm),significantly exceeding that of"Qincui"(22.44 mm)and"Envy"(21.49 mm)."Ruixue"exhibited sustained thickening throughout the year and was thus categorized as the"continuous-thickening type"."Qincui"demonstrated the strongest shoot elongation potential;"Ruixue"exhibited significant advantages in branch thickening;and"Envy"showed moderate growth with a compact tree structure.Considering the ecological characteristics and production demands of the Longdong region,it is recommended that"Qincui"be prioritized in orchards with adequate irrigation and a focus on early yield;"Ruixue"be recommended for orchards emphasizing branch mechanical strength and stress resistance;and"Envy"be adopted for high-density planting or labor-saving management systems.关键词
苹果品种/矮化密植/陇东地区/新梢生长/枝径粗度/生长策略分化Key words
apple varieties/dwarf dense planting/Longdong region/shoot elongation/branch diameter growth/growth strategy differentiation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张琪,刘进德,胡桐珲,王琨,刘铠源,孟永宏,王安民..陇东地区矮化密植苹果品种新梢与枝径生长的策略分化特征[J].农业与技术,2026,46(10):19-24,6.基金项目
平凉市科技人才专项计划(项目编号:PL-STK-2024A-043) （项目编号:PL-STK-2024A-043）
甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广项目(项目编号:25GSLK085) （项目编号:25GSLK085）
