物理化学学报2026，Vol.42Issue(10)：29-49,21.DOI:10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100300
超临界二氧化碳发泡聚合物复合材料在电磁防护中的进展:从合理结构设计到以吸收为主导的性能
Progress in supercritical CO2 foamed polymer composites for electromagnetic protection:from rational structural design to absorption-dominated performance
摘要
Abstract
Cellular architecture,which dictates the spatial distribution of polymer matrices and functional networks,is a critical determinant in optimizing the interaction between materials and electromagnetic waves.Recently,supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2)foaming technology has emerged as a transformative fabrication strategy in the field of electromagnetic protection,since its unique gas-templated molecular and filler reorganization capabilities enable the synthesis of lightweight porous materials with precise microstructural control that are superior to conventional solid composites or chemically blown counterparts.Therefore,scCO2 foaming provides a versatile platform for developing high-performance electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and microwave absorption materials with tunable dielectric properties and enhanced impedance matching.This review focuses on the recent advances in scCO2-foamed polymer composites for electromagnetic protection.It provides a comprehensive summary of fundamental foaming mechanisms,systematically examines the structural evolution of both flexible and rigid foam systems,ranging from single-layer nanocomposites to sophisticated gradient and multilayered architectures,and demonstrates their enhanced dissipation capabilities through mechanisms such as multiple internal reflections and scattering.Finally,we discuss the challenges and future directions for this field,including establishing rigorous"structure-process-property"correlations,integrating multiphysics simulations for inverse structural design,and developing sustainable,closed-loop material lifecycles.These efforts aim to provide theoretical and technical guidance on the rational design of next-generation,absorption-dominated electromagnetic protective materials.关键词
超临界CO2发泡/电磁防护/聚合物复合材料/泡孔结构Key words
Supercritical CO2 foaming/Electromagnetic protection/Polymer composites/Cellular architecture分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
侯洪波,杨倩,高亿,欧洋,王壮,易顺,何静峰,马栎,孟凡彬..超临界二氧化碳发泡聚合物复合材料在电磁防护中的进展:从合理结构设计到以吸收为主导的性能[J].物理化学学报,2026,42(10):29-49,21.基金项目
本研究得到了国家重点研发计划(2025YFH0100100)、国家自然科学基金(52472305、52173265、52302087、52503048和52403049)、四川省科技计划项目(2023NSFSC1952和2025ZYD0156)以及中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2682021GF004和2682025CX057)的资助,用于自由探索基础研究项目. （2025YFH0100100）
