茶叶科学2017，Vol.37Issue(1)：60-70,11.
施用生物质炭对酸性茶园土壤氨挥发的影响
Effect of Biochar Addition on Ammonia Volatilization in Acid Tea Garden
摘要
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is a major reason for nitrogen loss in tea garden soils. Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of biochar on soil physiochemical properties and ammonia volatilization in acid tea gardens, which would provide scientific support for the appropriate application of biochar. Four treatments were included in the experiment, namely no N fertilizer (CK), N fertilizer (B0N1, 225 kg·hm-2), N fertilizer with 8 t·hm-2 biochar (B1N1) and N fertilizer with 16 t·hm-2 biochar (B2N1). The nitrogen was applied three times, namely top dressing in spring, top dressing in autumn and basal dressing in winter in the ratio of 3︰3︰4. Compared with the B0N1 (N-applying only), biochar treatments (B1N1 and B2N1) significantly increased soil pH and organic carbon content (P<0.05), while decreased soil bulk density (P<0.05). Moreover, the average soil NH4+-N and NO3--N concentrations in biochar treated soils were 5.34%-12.59% lower and 11.02%-36.54% higher than B0N1, indicating the nitrification was promoted. The total NH3-N volatilization losses in acid tea garden varied from 13.01 kg·hm-2 to 40.95 kg·hm-2 and the percentages of the losses relative to total amount of N-application ranged from 7.29 to 12.42%.NH3-N volatilization losses also varied significantly among applying stages, with the highest NH3-N volatilization loss in winter basal dressing. The NH3-N volatilization increased significantly with N application (P<0.05), but NH3-N volatilization in B1N1 and B2N1 were significantly decreased by 26.25% and 28.21% (P<0.05), respectively. In summary, the soil NH4+-N concentrations had a direct correlation with NH3 emission and the reduction of NH3-N volatilization in biochar treatments might be attributed to the decrease of NH4+-N concentrations in soils.关键词
生物质炭/土壤理化性质/氨挥发/酸性茶园土壤Key words
biochar/soil physical and chemical properties/nitrogen volatilization/acid tea garden soils分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王峰,陈玉真,吴志丹,江福英,张文锦,翁伯琦,尤志明..施用生物质炭对酸性茶园土壤氨挥发的影响[J].茶叶科学,2017,37(1):60-70,11.基金项目
福建省自然科学基金(2016J01120)、国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD15B01)、福建省公益类科研院所专项(2014R1012-10、2015R1012-5、2016R1011-4). （2016J01120）
