家庭阅读环境对学龄儿童汉字识别、口语词汇知识与阅读理解的影响:一个发展级联模型OACHSSCDCSTPCD

Home literacy environment(HLE)can be more influential than reading intervention programs because HLE affects children's language and literacy development from the very beginning.A better understanding of the developmental cascades of children's HLE,character recognition,oral vocabulary knowledge,and reading comprehension is of great value to unpack and promote children's reading development.The present study aimed to test these developmental cascades among Chinese children during their lower elementary grades. This work followed 149 children from Grades 1 to 3.Their HLE was estimated based on information provided by their parents in Grade 1.Their character recognition,oral vocabulary knowledge,and reading comprehension abilities were assessed with age-appropriate measures once per school year,three times in total.A structural equation model was carried out to examine the developmental cascades of HLE,character recognition,oral vocabulary knowledge,and reading comprehension over the three testing time points. Results suggested the excellent model fit of the developmental cascade model:(1)HLE spread through reading comprehension in Grade 1(β = 0.19,p = 0.030)to character recognition in Grade 2(β = 0.28,p<0.001),then to reading comprehension in Grade 3(β = 0.26,p = 0.002).(2)HLE spread through oral vocabulary knowledge in Grade 1(β = 0.45,p<0.001)to reading comprehension in Grade 2(β = 0.20,p = 0.003),which in turn predicted oral vocabulary knowledge(β = 0.27,p<0.001)and reading comprehension(β = 0.34,p<0.001)in Grade 3.(3)The direct predictive effect of HLE on character recognition in Grade 1(β = 0.16,p = 0.078)was marginally significant,but character recognition in Grade 1 predicted reading comprehension(β = 0.41,p<0.001)and oral vocabulary knowledge(β = 0.14,p = 0.051)in Grade 2,which in turn predicted character recognition(β = 0.15,p<0.001)and reading comprehension(β = 0.27,p<0.001)in Grade 3. These results together demonstrated the strong predictive power of HLE to children's early reading development,and clarified its complex direct and indirect impacts on children's character recognition,vocabulary knowledge,and reading comprehension over time.These findings help elucidate the way in which HLE may affect children's reading development,which leads to the theoretical advancement and practical implications for HLE and children's reading development.