山羊P2RY12-P2RY13单倍型渗入鉴定及其功能分析OACSTPCD

Gene introgression plays a crucial role in the domestication of animals and the improvement of adaptability.In this study,the genomic data from a total of 163 modern domestic goats,81 ancient do-mestic goats,and 69 goat wild relatives worldwide were collected for whole-genome genetic variation de-tection,Neighbor-joining tree construction,haplotype network map and protein structure prediction.The introgression in the domestic goat genome chr1:116 312 kb～116 397 kb region from Capra ibex or Capra pyrenaica was found.This 85 kb-long introgressed haplotype contains two protein-coding genes associated with mastitis,P2RY12 and P2RY13,where the variant Pro317Ser from the introgressed haplotype on the P2RY12 gene causes the growth of the protein-terminal α-helix.It is found that the introgressed haplotype is mainly present in the modern goat populations in Europe and Africa,with a frequency of 52.1％and 32.1％,respectively.By analyzing ancient samples,it is speculated that the introgression of this haplotype first occurred in Europe 3 000 years ago,and may have increased its frequency and spread to Africa due to the selection of lactation traits.The results of this study provide new insights into the origin and function of the P2RY12-P2RY13 haplotype in the genome of domestic goats.