中国食物与营养2023，Vol.29Issue(12)：78-84,7.
妊娠期糖尿病孕妇膳食模式与其糖脂代谢的关系
Relationship Between Dietary Pattern and Glycolipid Metabolism in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the relationship between dietary pattern and glucose and lipid metabolism in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus,and to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of abnormal blood sugar and lipid in pregnant women dur-ing pregnancy.[Method]Routine prenatal check-up was performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2022 to March 2023,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy.A total of 170 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)were selected as the study subjects.Face-to-face food frequency questionnaire(FFQ)and blood samples were collected when the subjects were diagnosed with GDM.PCA was used to extract their dietary patterns,and T-test,Chi-square test and Poisson regression analysis were used.To analyze the relationship between dietary pattern and glycolipid metabolism in pregnant women with GDM.[Result]Totally 170 pregnant women with GDM were included and divided into two groups including GDM combined with abnormal lipid metabolism group(case group)and GDM normal lipid metabolism group(control group).The age of case group M(QR)was 33.00(4.24)years,and the gestational age of control group M(QR)was 27.09(1.84)weeks.There were no statisti-cally significant differences between the two groups in age,gestational stage,educational level,history of adverse pregnancy,pre-pregnancy BMI,ethnicity and pregnancy times.According to the food types with high factor load,the extracted dietary patterns were named as staple wheat-vegetables-beans pattern,coarse grain-aquatic product pattern,high quality protein-processed meat pattern,animal meat-offal-dessert pattern,potato-fruit pattern and rice-fried food-poultry pattern.In this study,there were 59 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM combined with abnormal lipid metabolism(case group),with a prevalence rate of 34.71％.The dietary patterns from high to low in case group were rice-fried food-poultry meat pattern,potato-fruit pattern,high-quality protein-processed meat pattern,coarse grain-aquatic product pattern,animal meat-viscera-dessert pattern,and staple wheat-vegetables-beans pattern.Passion regression analysis of dietary patterns and basic data showed that,taking staple wheat-vegetables-beans pattern as reference,rice-fried food-poultry dietary pat-tern(RR=4.257,95％ CI:1.141-15.891)was statistically correlated with the risk of disease in the case group,and the incidence increased by 3.257 times.Taking no exercise for nearly one month as reference,there was a statistical association between the risk of GDM pregnant women who exercised for nearly one month and the case group(RR=2.261,95％ CI:1.369-3.733),and the incidence of pregnant women who did not exercise for nearly one month was 1.261 times that of pregnant women who exercised for nearly one month.[Conclusion]Compared with the staple wheat-vegetables-beans model,the rice-fried food-poultry model and the tubs-fruit model can increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus combined with abnormal lipid metabolism in pregnant women.In order to reduce the occur-rence of adverse pregnancy outcomes,we should pay attention to the control of blood sugar in pregnant women during pregnancy.关键词
主成分分析/膳食模式/妊娠期糖尿病/脂代谢异常/Poisson回归分析Key words
Principal Component Analysis/dietary pattern/gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)/abnormal lipid metabolism/Poisson Regression Analysis引用本文复制引用
赵芸芸,李莉,马依拉·买买提,朱启英,尼鲁帕尔·阿不都热合曼..妊娠期糖尿病孕妇膳食模式与其糖脂代谢的关系[J].中国食物与营养,2023,29(12):78-84,7.基金项目
省部共建中亚高发病成因与防治国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(项目编号:SKL-HIDCA-2021-DX7). （项目编号:SKL-HIDCA-2021-DX7）
