全生物降解渗水地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作谷子土壤水热及产量的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

In order to investigate the application effect of fully biodegradable water permeable plastic film mulch on soil hydrothermal and the yield of dry-crop foxtail millet in the dry-farming hilly area of the Loess Plateau,a field experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2022,A total of three different types of mulch cover,water permeable plastic film mulch(T1),plastic film mulch(T2)and fully biodegradable water permeable plastic film mulch(T3)were selected and no mulch(CK)is used as the control.The effect of the different types of mulch treatment on dry matter accumulation and yield of foxtail millet,soil water content and soil temperature and to anaylzed the degradation performance and economic benefits of fully biodegradable water permeable plastic film mulch were compared and analyzed.The results showed that:The degradation of fully biodegradable water permeable plastic film mulch(T3)began to occur at 30 d,and the reticulated cracks appeared in 150 d time.The most of the mulch was broken into small pieces,with an average degradation rate of 54.3％per unit area;The daily change of soil temperature in each fertility period of foxtail millet under mulching treatment showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing,and the soil temperature reached the highest at 16:00,and the temperature of three mulch treatments increased 0.5 to 8.0 C at 10 cm soil layer,and 0.3 to 6.5 ℃ at 20 cm soil layer compared with the non-mulching treatment(CK).At higher temperatures,soil temperatures in the T3 treatment was reduced by 0.5 to 3.5 ℃compared to the T2 treatment;Compared with CK,all mulching treatments increased soil water content in the 0 to 40 cm soil layer of the tillage layer by 7.8％to 38.1％;Mulching significantly increased the aboveground dry matter accumulation of cereals at the jointing stage,heading stage,and filling stage,with average increases of 37.7％to 91.2％,37.2％to 92.1％,and 15.4％to 56.6％for the T1,T2,and Ta treatments,respectively.In terms of yield,the 2-year seed yield and biomass yield of the fully biodegradable water permeable plastic film mulch treatment(T3)compared with CK were significantly increased by 35.4％to 37.5％and 30.8％to 44.1％,respectively,and the net income was increased by an average of 9 861.71 yuan/hm2.From the perspective of comprehensive consideration of foxtail millet growth,yield and soil moisture content and temperature and economic benefits,the fully biodegradable water permeable plastic film mulch can be applied to the production of dry-crop foxtail millet in the Loess Plateau instead of plastic film mulch,and it can effectively alleviate the soil environmental pollution caused by ordinary membranes.