果树学报2024，Vol.41Issue(2)：358-361,4.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20230477
甜香型毛花猕猴桃新品种赣绿1号的选育
A novel sweet aromatic cultivar of Actinidia eriantha'Ganlü No.1'
摘要
Abstract
Actinidia eriantha Benth is a species of Actinidia genus in the Actinidiaceae family and is widely distributed in China,including Jiangxi Province.Its fruit is rich in ascorbic acid with great poten-tial for development.However,the soluble solid content of the wild fruit is generally low(less than 14.0％).The fruit tastes sour and astringent,and doesn't meet the standard of fresh fruit.The sweet fruit has become an important target of genetic improvement in A.eriantha.The abundant germplasm re-sources of A.eriantha in China provide an opportunity for breeding cultivars with high sugar content.Fortunately,a strain(code:'MM-24')from wild seedlings with high sugar content was found in Nan-cheng County,Fuzhou City,Jiangxi Province.In February 2009,the scions were collected from the strain and grafted on the 8-year old trees of A.chinensis var deliciosa Miliang No.1 for field trail.The leaf shape was oval,with no hairs.Each inflorescence had three to five single flowers.The flowers were corymbose.The color of petal and anther was pink and yellow,respectively.Each flower had 32 to 42 anthers.Both shoot and semi-lignified branch were densely covered with short gray hairs.The shape of pores on the branch was round or fusiform.The fruit was long cylindrical to oval,the beak was slight-ly obtuse,the surface of the fruit was densely covered with short white hairs.The fruit size was medium and uniform,with an average fruit mass of 46.22 g and a maximum fruit mass of 73.50 g.The flesh was green and had a sweet flavor.The soluble solid content of fruit was 18.4％-22.2％,the titrable acid con-tent was 0.94％,the soluble sugar content was 9.25％,the dry matter content was 21.74％,and the ascor-bic acid content was 662.6 mg·100 g-1.The full flowering period was in early May,and the fruit mature period was from late October to early November in Yichun City,Jiangxi Province.The vine had strong growth,heat resistance and drought resistance,and strong adaptability.Its fruits were uniform,easy to peel and could be stored at room temperature for 30 to 50 d,and the comprehensive traits were excel-lent.It was finally named as Ganlü No.1 and granted new plant patent by China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2019.It would be recommended to use horizontal greenhouse frames or T-shaped small trellises for cultivation.During the bud stage,it was essential to promptly perform"zero bud"folding and pruning.Fruit thinning and bagging were required at the young fruit stage.The fruits could be harvested when the soluble solid content reached 6.5％.The comprehensive pruning methods of trun-cation,thinning and retracting should be adopted to renew and rejuvenate in time after the leaf fall in winter and before the next spring.The spacing of plant rows should be(2.5-3.0)m×(3.0-4.0)m.The pollination cultivar was A.chinensisvar.chinensis Ganxiong No.2.Generally,fertilization should be ap-plied two to three times a year,mainly with nitrogen fertilizer in spring,and mainly with fast-available phosphorus,potassium and calcium fertilizer in summer,and mainly with organic fertilizer in autumn.关键词
毛花猕猴桃/新品种/赣绿1号/甜香型Key words
Actinidia eriantha/New cultivar/Ganlü No.1/Sweet flavor分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
徐小彪,廖光联,黄春辉,贾东峰,钟敏,曲雪艳,刘青,高欢..甜香型毛花猕猴桃新品种赣绿1号的选育[J].果树学报,2024,41(2):358-361,4.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32160692) （32160692）
江西省科技厅重点研发计划(20192ACB60002) （20192ACB60002）
