青藏高原气候变化及其对水资源影响的研究进展OA北大核心CSTPCD

This article reviews the studies on the characteristics,causes,and impacts of climate change over Tibetan Plateau(TP)in recent 20 years,particularly in recent 10 years.Since 1960,the overall temperature over the TP has significantly increased and there is a significant altitude dependence.Greenhouse gases,feedback of ice and snow albedo,and of cloud-water vapor-radiation,as well as the local forcing are important factors affecting the altitude dependence of the TP warming.The precipitation on the TP shows an overall increasing trend,and shows stronger regional and seasonal differences than surface air temperature changes.The spatial variation of precipitation is mainly divided into north-south dipole,east-west dipole,central and marginal difference type,and multivariate type.The most significant precipitation increase occurs in summer.Affected by climate change and anthropogenic aerosol emissions,the water resources especially cryosphere water resources over the TP have undergone drastic changes,including accelerated glacier shrinkage,increased glacier runoff,severe lake expansion,leading to climate warming and humidification.The changes in snow cover on the TP have shown significantly interdecadal variations.Finally,further research and policy recommendations are proposed.