煤田地质与勘探2024，Vol.52Issue(4)：35-46,12.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.07.0447
构造煤层顶板爆破跨界面致裂增透机制研究及应用
Mechanism and application of cross-interface fracturing for permeability enhancement through the roof blasting of tectonic coal seams
摘要
Abstract
Deep coal mining is challenging due to deteriorating geological conditions.After undergoing multiphase tec-tonic movements,primary coals have evolved into soft tectonic coal seams with low permeability and high gas content,complicating drilling in coal seams.In this case,the blasting-induced fractures are not well-developed and are prone to be re-compacted.So far,no fundamental breakthrough has been achieved in the key technology of fracturing for per-meability enhancement technology through the roof blasting of tectonic coal seams.Given this,this study established test models for similar simulation tests and numerical analysis on the roof blasting of coal seams.By monitoring the cross-in-terface stress wave propagation and the macroscopic three-dimensional fracture evolutionary morphologies,this study reproduced the blasting stress wave propagation,as well as the internal damage and failure processes of coals and rocks.Key findings are as follows:(1)The blasting-induced damage to tectonic coal seams is primarily distributed in blasting boreholes and coals near the upper and lower coal-rock interfaces.The roof blasting of tectonic coals produces cross-in-terface fractures for pressure relief,and the blasting-induced damage propagates along blasting boreholes to the sur-rounding rock masses,ultimately spreading to the footwall of coal seams.Serious damage is found in blasting boreholes,near the upper coal-rock interfaces,and inside coal seams.(2)The blasting stress waves undergo transmission and reflec-tion when propagating to coal-rock interfaces from the roof of the tectonic coal seams.The transmitted compressive stress waves damage coals,while the reflected tensile stress waves react on the rock masses at coal-rock interfaces.(3)The pressure relief induced by cross-interface fractures,generated by blasting-induced cumulative damage,connect the rock fractures on the roof with the fractures within tectonic coal seams,facilitating the vertical migration of gas in tectonic coal seams and gas drainage with stress relief.The on-site application shows that gas drainage following the roof blasting of coal seams manifested rapidly increased pure gas flow and concentration,which increased from 0.07 m3/min to 1.73 m3/min and from 10.46%to 68.50%(volume fraction),respectively and maintained at high levels for a prolonged period.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for efficient gas drainage from deep tectonic coal seams.关键词
构造煤/模拟试验/爆破卸压/煤层增透/瓦斯治理Key words
tectonic coal/simulation test/blasting for pressure relief/coal seam permeability enhancement/gas control分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
高魁,王有为,乔国栋,田宇,傅师贵..构造煤层顶板爆破跨界面致裂增透机制研究及应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2024,52(4):35-46,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52374179) （52374179）
安徽省自然科学基金项目(2208085ME125) （2208085ME125）
安徽省高校优秀青年人才支持计划项目(gxyq2022016) （gxyq2022016）
煤矿深井开采灾害防治技术科技研发平台(安徽理工大学)开放基金项目(DPDCM2204) （安徽理工大学）
