生态学报2024，Vol.44Issue(7)：2688-2705,18.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202305201065
木本植物应对干旱胁迫的响应机制:基于水力学性状视角
Response mechanisms of woody plants to drought stress:a review based on plant hydraulic traits
摘要
Abstract
The most notable effects of drought are manifested in regional-scale forest mortality events,which can kill millions of trees in a short time,further affecting regional climate and ecosystem structure and function.Given that the frequency and intensity of extreme drought events in the future may increase with increasing temperature,it is urgent to clarify the response strategies of trees to drought stress and the mechanisms of their survival and death,reveal the physiological mechanism of woody plants in arid environment,understand the adaptation mechanism of trees in future climates,and improve the accuracy of predicting the response of trees to drought stress.Plant functional traits refer to the morphological,physiological,or phenological characteristics of plants at the individual level,which indirectly affect the performance of plants by directly affecting the growth,survival or reproduction of plants,and at the same time reflect the long-term adaptation of plants to the growth environment.Plant functional traits and their variation regulations can be used to explain the adaptive mechanism and functional optimization mechanism of plants to the environment,and help to predict the response of trees to drought.Compared with commonly used plant functional traits,hydraulic traits may better describe the response of trees to drought stress.On the basis of common plant functional traits,we increased the hydraulic traits which are related to water transport capacity and drought tolerance and systematically summarized:1)the physical mechanism of long-distance water transport in xylem;2)phases of drought stress and the response of plants;3)plasticity in plant functional traits and water regulation strategies:Isohydric regulation strategy and anisohydric regulation strategy,xylem efficiency-safety trade-off strategy,conservative water use strategy and risk-taking water use strategy;and 4)mechanisms of drought-related mortality:hydraulic failure hypothesis,carbon starvation hypothesis and biotic agents hypothesis.Finally,three main problems were put forward to be solved:1)strengthening the inclusion of hydraulic traits to clarify the response and regulation mechanism of plants to drought stress,understanding and predicting plant survival,growth,distribution and death in the context of global change.2)strengthening the consideration of the relationship between different plant tissue traits from the perspective of the whole plant,revealing the distribution characteristics of plants in the ecosystem,and predicting community composition;3)the precise physiological mechanism behind tree death is still unclear,future studies need to further explore the mechanisms of drought-related mortality.关键词
木本植物/干旱胁迫/水力性状/水分运输策略/干旱致死机理Key words
woody plants/drought stress/hydraulic traits/water regulation strategies/drought-related mortality mechanisms引用本文复制引用
程莉,李玉霖,宁志英,杨红玲,詹瑾,姚博..木本植物应对干旱胁迫的响应机制:基于水力学性状视角[J].生态学报,2024,44(7):2688-2705,18.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32071845) （32071845）
甘肃省科技计划资助(23JRRA572) （23JRRA572）
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0015) （2021ZD0015）
甘肃省科技计划资助(23JRRA671) （23JRRA671）
