施用氮磷钾肥对晋南复播区油葵产量及肥料利用效率的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

In order to study the effect of applying N,P and K fertilizer on the yield and nutrient use efficiency of oil sunflower under the double cropping pattern of winter wheat-summer oil sunflower in Southern Shanxi,a field plot fertilizer experiment was carried out with Linkui 4 from 2019 to 2021.Four fertilization treatments inclu-ding NPK,PK,NK and NP were set up.The effects of different fertilization treatments on yield response,agronomic efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of N,P,K were analyzed.The results showed that the three-year average yield of oil sunflower treated with NPK was 3634 kg/ha(3502-3818 kg/ha),which was 19.6%,12.1%,13.7%higher than that of PK/NK/NP,respectively.PK treatment had the lowest yield.The average yield responses of N,P and K fertilizers were 588.8(481.0-704.7 kg/ha),391.8(296.0-488.7 kg/ha),438.2 kg/ha(329.3-629.7 kg/ha),respectively.The agronomic efficiencies of N,P and K were 3.8(2.8-4.9 kg/kg),3.1(2.1-4.1 kg/kg),2.9 kg/kg(2.2-4.2 kg/kg),respectively.The aboveground accumulations of N,P and K were 174.4(172.5-176.8 kg/ha),60.0(58.3-61.8 kg/ha),241.1 kg/ha(236.2-246.8 kg/ha),respectively.The nutri-ent use efficiency of N,P,K was 36.3%(36.0%—36.7%),15.7%(15.3%—16.2%)and 47.1%(46.0%—47.9%),respectively,of which K>N>P.So the application of N,P and K fertilizer could not only significantly in-crease the oil sunflower yield but also the aboveground accumulation of N,P and K.Among the three kinds of NPK fertilizers,N increased the yield most,and K uptake by the aboveground part and utilization rate of oil sunflower was the highest.Therefore,in the production we should pay attention to the reasonable application of N,P and K,while N and K should be supplemented by seed fertilizer and topdressing.