中国地质2024，Vol.51Issue(2)：443-456,14.DOI:10.12029/gc20200819002
刚果(金)Manono-Kitotolo含锂-铯-钽伟晶岩地质与矿化特征研究
Geological and mineralization characteristics of Manono-Kitotolo Li-Cs-Ta pegmatite in the Democratic Republic of Congo
摘要
Abstract
This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering. [Objective]The Manono-Kitotolo spodumene(40%-70%)pegmatite,one of the lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatite(LCT)in the world,is located at the Mesoproterozoic Kibaran rare metals metallogenic belt in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC).The field works revealed that the symbiotic minerals of pegmatite gradually evolved from outside to inside:granite aplite zone(Ⅰ),muscovite-feldspar quartz zone(Ⅱ),quartz albitite zone(Ⅲ),spodumene zone(Ⅳ)and quartz kernel(Ⅴ).[Methods]In this study,the composition of major elements of mica,spodumene,cassiterite and columbite-tantalite are analyzed by Electron probe X-ray micro-analyzer(EPMA)to bring light on Li-Nb-Ta-Sn mineralization and pegmatitic crystallization differentiation.[Results]The results show that the content of Rb,Li,and F in muscovite gradually increased from outward(Ⅰ)to inward(Ⅴ),meanwhile the K/Rb gradually decreased.The content of Fe and Rb in lepidolite(V-1)is relatively higher than in muscovite(Ⅱ),which indicating highly fractionated pegmatite inside.Li mineralization mainly occurs in spodumene pegmatite(Ⅳ).[Conclusions]The grain size of spodumene varies from macro-crystal to coarse grain and medium grain and its principal components keep consistent except Li lost by oxidative leaching,argillation,greisenization and other alterations.Cassiterite with high Nb and Ta is generally formed by greisenization in zone Ⅲ-Ⅳ.Nb-Ta is mineralized in the form of the columbite-tantalite-manganotantalite isomorphism in the zone Ⅱ-Ⅳ,with the development of differentiation,the content of Ta and Mn in minerals increases,while the content of Nb,Fe and Ti decreases and formed Ta-rich and Mn-rich Columbite-tantalite.关键词
锂辉石/锡石/铌钽铁矿/白云母/云英岩化/Manono-Kitotolo伟晶岩/矿产勘查工程/刚果(金)Key words
spodumene/cassiterite/columbite-tantalite/muscovite/greisenization/Manono-Kitotolo Pegmatite/mineral exploration engineering/the Democratic Republic of Congo分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
曾瑞垠,黄建业,祝新友,王蓉,李庆哲,詹勇,张雄,孙宁,李亮,谭康雨..刚果(金)Manono-Kitotolo含锂-铯-钽伟晶岩地质与矿化特征研究[J].中国地质,2024,51(2):443-456,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41363002)、国家重点研发计划"深地资源勘查开采"重点专项项目课题(2017YFC0602403)联合资助. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41363002)and the subject of the Key Special Project of the National Key Research and Development Program"Exploitation of Deep Resources"(No.2017YFC0602403). （41363002）
