哺乳动物毛囊发生发育调控机制研究进展OA北大核心CSTPCD

The morphogenesis and development of embryonic hair follicle during embryonic stage is a crucial stage that determines the number of hair follicles,type and quality of hair follicles.Exploring the important genes in this stage is one of the important tasks for breeders.In recent years,there has been some research progress in the identification of important genes related to hair follicle development.However,due to the complex structure of the hair follicle,the variety of cellular composition and rapid cell differentiation,researchers have made slow progress in the establishment of a complete hair follicle cell line,the mining of the main gene,and the determination of the function of the gene.Therefore,understanding the basic structure of the hair follicle,its developmental process,and the signaling pathways/genes that play important roles in this process is the key to solving the above problems.In this paper,the morphological structure of the mammalian hair follicle and its developmental process during embryogenesis(taking mice as an example)were systematically introduced,and the key signaling pathways related to hair follicle morphogenesis and development as well as the important genetic factors that have been identified so far were summarized.The results showed that:1)Embryonic dermal fibroblasts and epithelial cells can further differentiate into various types of hair follicle cells,so timely induction/inhibition of their differentiation is the key to successful construction of cell populations.2)During the regulation of hair follicle genesis and development,different signaling pathways in the same signaling pathway have different degrees of bias,such as the Wnt signaling pathway being biased toward the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,the Edar signaling pathway is biased toward the Eda-A1/Edar/Edaradd signaling pathway,and the TGF-β/BMP signaling pathway is biased toward the Smads-dependent signaling pathway.3)Multiple signaling pathways and genetic factors jointly regulate the morphogenesis and development of hair follicles.Wnt and Edar signaling pathways are indispensable for the normal formation of hair follicle placode,while TGF-βsignaling pathway is one of the key signaling pathways in the differentiation of various hair follicle cells and the downward growth of hair follicles.In conclusion,a comprehensive comprehension of the process and mechanism of mammalian hair follicle development is an important basis for further exploration of key genes related to hair follicle development,which can provide a crucial theoretical foundation for enhancing the production performance of hairy economic animals.