农学学报2024，Vol.14Issue(5)：1-8,8.
干旱及复水对冬小麦产量和干物质积累与分配的影响
Effects of Drought and Rehydration on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution of Winter Wheat
摘要
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of drought and rehydration on dry matter accumulation and distribution in various organs and grain yield of winter wheat,'Jimai 22'was selected as the research object,and 100%(CK),80%(T1),50%(T2),25%(T3)and 0%(T4)of the normal water supply(75 mm)were irrigated at jointing stage(April 2),and rewatered at the flowering stage(April 26)until the soil relative humidity reached 90%.The dry matter mass and total dry matter mass of each organ of the plant in the two growth stages were measured,as well as the final yield of each treatment.The results showed that dry matter allocation ratio of winter wheat leaves decreased under drought stress at jointing stage,dry matter allocation ratio of stem and ear increased,dry matter allocation ratio of leaf sheath did not change much,and dry matter allocation ratio of all organs recovered to the same level as control after rehydration.The total dry matter weight of winter wheat treated with T1,T2,T3 and T4 decreased by 11.3%,16.0%,24.2%and 35.0%compared with CK,and the dry matter weight per spike decreased by 15.7%,20.0%,26.6%and 32.0%.The pre-flowering dry matter transport and transport rate of leaves were significantly decreased,while the pre-flowering dry matter transport rate of leaf sheath and stem was significantly increased.Compared with the control,the yield of winter wheat under T1,T2,T3 and T4 treatments decreased by 16.2%,24.4%,29.4%and 33.0%,the number of grains per spike decreased by 9.9%,11.6%,20.0%and 23.3%,and the sterile spike rate increased by 6.2,7.5,9.6 and 8.1 percentage points,respectively.It had little effect on 1000-grain weight and spikelet number.In conclusion,drought at jointing stage leads to dry matter distribution to storage organs such as stems and panicle,and the total dry matter weight and panicle dry matter weight decreased significantly after rehydration,and the greater the degree of drought stress,the greater the range of change.Drought stress at jointing stage resulted in the decrease of panicle number,the increase of sterile panicle rate and the decrease of yield.关键词
干旱胁迫/复水/干物质转运/水分利用/干物质分配/拔节期Key words
drought stress/rehydration/dry matter transport/water utilization/dry matter distribution/jointing stage分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
尹逊栋,吕广德,陈永军,钱兆国,刘嘉,邹俊丽,张继波,江梦圆..干旱及复水对冬小麦产量和干物质积累与分配的影响[J].农学学报,2024,14(5):1-8,8.基金项目
山东省现代农业产业技术体系"小麦产业技术体系"(SDAIT-01-04) （SDAIT-01-04）
山东省农业良种工程项目"特色营养小麦新品种选育"(2019LZGC010). （2019LZGC010）
