隐喻认知视角下的《金匮要略》"四饮"因机证治解析OACSTPCD

The concept of siyin(four types of fluid retention)was first seen in the chapter on Phlegm-Fluid Retention and Coughs in Jin Gui Yao Lve(Essentials from the Golden Cabinet),which comprehensively elucidated the etiology,pathomechanism,patterns and treatment of siyin.Ancient physicians used the metaphorical mapping of natural water to human bodily fluids as a basis to understand water metabolic diseases,thus forming a systematic discourse on the concept,clinical manifestations,causes,and treatment of the siyin,which consists of tanyin(phlegm-fluid retention),xuanyin,(pleural fluid retention),yiyin,(subcutaneous fluid retention),and zhiyin(thoracic fluid retention).The concept and clinical manifestations of siyin are expressed and constructed through auditory modal metaphors and container schemas,with natural water serving as the source domain.The cause of the siyin diseases is derived from the observation of water accumulation in different stages of natural water cycle.The treatment is based on the mapping between the state of natural floods and the stagnation of siyin evils in the human body.Drawing from the experience of natural flood control,methods such as making the best use of the situation,cultivating soil to regulate water and warming yang to dispel fluid retention are developed.By analyzing the concept of the siyin diseases and the treatment methods from a metaphorical perspective,a deeper understanding of the siyin diseases is achieved,thereby providing better guidance for clinical treatment.