人力资本对服务消费水平的提升效应OA北大核心CHSSCDCSSCICSTPCD

Human capital accumulation is an important force in increasing residents'income,optimizing consumption structure,improving service consumption level,and narrowing the urban-rural service consumption gap.This paper employs the spatial Durbin model to empirically investigate the impact of human capital on the urban-rural residents'service consumption gap.Then,it further clarifies the role of R&D capital stock,the number of invention patent applications and the innovation index of Chinese cities in mediating the relationship between human capital and the gap. The findings reveal that human capital accumulation can improve service consumption,narrow the urban-rural residents'service consumption gap,and have a significant spatial spillover effect.The heterogeneity test indicates that human capital in the central region has the greatest effect on narrowing the gap between urban and rural residents and the most prominent spatial spillover effect.The mechanism test shows that technological innovation mediates the impact of human capital on the urban-rural service consumption gap.Specifically,the gap can be narrowed by increasing the R&D capital stock and the number of invention patent applications. Based on the empirical conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions.First,it should attach great importance to human capital investment,especially in the central and western regions and rural areas.The government should prioritize the balanced investment in education across the central,eastern,western,urban and rural areas,increase the fiscal educational funds in the central and western regions and areas with underdeveloped human capital,and comprehensively enhance the cultural knowledge and skills of residents in the central and western regions and rural areas to narrow the urban-rural service consumption gap.Second,it should enhance the ability of rural residents to consume services through coordinated efforts of supply and demand.On the supply side,it is necessary to improve the independent innovation ability of enterprises,enrich the variety of service supply,and expand the market to the vast rural areas,so as to provide high-quality service products that meet the needs of rural residents and match the rural consumption environment.On the demand side,in addition to improving farmers'income and cultivating their service consumption habits,it should also pay attention to the digital divide between urban and rural residents and improve rural residents'digital consumption skills.Third,it should accelerate technological innovation and increase the proportion of R&D capital stock and the number of patents.It should attach great importance to the positive role of increasing R&D capital and invention patents,enhancing the policy design of technological innovation,and encouraging enterprises to strengthen their investment in R&D and invention patents.