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基于微卫星标记的江西桃红岭梅花鹿遗传多样性OA北大核心CSTPCD

Genetic diversity of sika deer based on microsatellite in Taohongling,Jiangxi

中文摘要英文摘要

梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)为国家一级重点保护野生动物,江西桃红岭梅花鹿华东亚种(华南梅花鹿,C.n.kopschi)是我国现存最大的梅花鹿种群.研究桃红岭梅花鹿遗传多样性,并阐明其遗传本底状况,对于提升华南梅花鹿遗传多样性水平和促进种群快速发展具有重要意义.本研究在桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区共采集疑似梅花鹿粪便样品108份.首先基于线粒体Cyt b基因扩增测序进行物种鉴定,并利用微卫星标记和SRY/ZFX性别标记对梅花鹿样品进行个体识别、遗传多样性分析和性别鉴定.结果表明,108份样品中有96份梅花鹿粪便样品,来源于63只不同个体,且雌雄性比为1.33∶1.7个微卫星位点的平均等位基因数、观测杂合度、期望杂合度和近交系数分别为3.714、0.712、0.602和-0.087,其中3个位点显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,均表现为杂合子过剩.本研究结果表明,桃红岭梅花鹿种群的遗传多样性处于中等水平,且存在一定程度的性比失衡,近交系数为负值表明其种群暂无近交风险.建议积极推进桃红岭梅花鹿人工繁育,加强对稀有等位基因的保护与管理,并适时采取个体迁移等手段促进桃红岭梅花鹿与其他梅花鹿种群的基因交流,以提升其种群遗传多样性水平和促进种群快速发展.

Sika deer(Cervus nippon)is a Class I key protected wild animal in China.The Jiangxi Taohongling sika deer represents the largest population of South China sika deer(C.n.kopschi).Studying the genetic diversity of Tao-hongling sika deer and understanding its genetic background is crucial for enhancing the genetic diversity of sika deer in South China and promoting the population's rapid development.This study collected a total of 108 suspected sika deer fecal samples from the Taohongling Sika Deer National Nature Reserve.Mitochondrial Cyt b gene amplification se-quencing was used for species identification,while microsatellite markers and SRY/ZFX sex markers were employed for individual identification,genetic diversity analysis,and sex determination.The results showed that 96 out of the 108 samples were produced by 63 individual sika deer,resulting in a sex ratio of 1.33 males to 1 female.The average num-ber of alleles,observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity,and inbreeding coefficient of the 7 microsatellite loci were 3.714,0.712,0.602,and-0.087,respectively.Three loci significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibri-um and all showed heterozygote excess.These findings suggest that the genetic diversity of Taohongling sika deer is moderate,with a certain degree of sexual imbalance.Furthermore,a negative inbreeding coefficient indicates that there is no current risk of inbreeding in the population.To improve the conservation and management of rare alleles,it is ad-visable to implement artificial breeding programs for the Taohongling sika deer.Additionally,measures such as promot-ing individual migration should be implemented to facilitate genetic exchange between the Taohongling sika deer and other South China sika deer populations.This will help maintain their population genetic diversity and promote rapid de-velopment.

张阳;陈璐瑶;韩卫杰;詹建文;刘武华;黄晓凤

江西省林业科学院,南昌 330013江西农业大学林学院,南昌 330045江西桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区管理局,九江 332700

生物学

梅花鹿微卫星个体识别遗传多样性性别比例

Sika deerMicrosatelliteIndividual identificationGenetic diversitySex ratio

《兽类学报》 2024 (003)

268-276 / 9

江西省重点研发计划项目(20212BBG73016);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项(创新专项[2021]05号);江西省林业科学院基础研究与人才科研专项(2023521603,2023521606)

10.16829/j.slxb.150803

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