中国地质2024，Vol.51Issue(3)：865-880,16.DOI:10.12029/gc20220812001
塔克拉玛干沙漠地下水十大问题与展望:基于60年来的水文地质调查研究成果
Ten questions and visions of groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert:Based on 60-year hydrogeological investigation and research
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]A systematic review has been conducted on groundwater investigation and research in the Taklimakan Desert over the past 60 years to consolidate significant achievements and insights regarding groundwater recharge,discharge,and circulation.The review highlights key deficiencies in current research efforts,presents ten unresolved questions,and identifies areas for future study.[Methods]Investigation reports and academic papers were meticulously gathered on groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert for a comprehensive review on groundwater quality,quantity,and circulation.This review was conducted in conjunction with the latest relevant findings on desert groundwater from both domestic and international hydrogeological communities.[Results]Groundwater in the desert primarily originates from lateral groundwater flow from oases,precipitation,and river water infiltration.It is predominantly consumed by evapotranspiration,with a limited amount withdrawn by humans.The vast groundwater storage in the region is estimated to be around 80 trillion m3.However,there is currently significant uncertainty in estimating groundwater recharge and discharge.The overall groundwater quality is generally poor,as evidenced by the spatial distribution of total dissolved solids(TDS),with most of the desert containing saline groundwater with TDS levels ranging from 5 to 10 g/L,while only a small area has TDS levels below 5 g/L.Vertically,the groundwater quality is characterized by saline groundwater in deeper layers and brackish groundwater in upper layers.Regionally,groundwater flows northward and then shifts eastward at the northern edge of the Tarim River fluvial plain,with an average velocity of 55.94 m/a.[Conclusions]To address these scientific questions,future studies should focus on quantifying groundwater recharge and discharge using more precise and extended methodologies.Detailed data on groundwater circulation can be obtained through packer tests and monitoring to systematically analyze circulation patterns,establish regional groundwater flow patterns,and quantitatively summarize the characteristics of each flow system.Additionally,efforts should be made to identify sources of fresh water and develop techniques for utilizing high Total Dissolved Solids(TDS)groundwater in the desert in upcoming investigations and research endeavors.关键词
地下水/地下水补给/地下水资源/地下水循环/回顾与展望/水文地质调查工程/塔克拉玛干沙漠Key words
groundwater/groundwater recharge/groundwater resources/groundwater circulation/review and outlook/hydrogeological survey engineering/Taklimakan Desert分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
尹立河,张俊,张鹏伟,顾小凡,李小等..塔克拉玛干沙漠地下水十大问题与展望:基于60年来的水文地质调查研究成果[J].中国地质,2024,51(3):865-880,16.基金项目
陕西省创新能力支持计划(2019TD-040)及中国地质调查局项目(DD20190351)联合资助. Supported by Innovation Capability Program of Shaanxi(No.2019TD-040)and the project of China Geological Survey(No.DD20190351). （2019TD-040）
