原子能科学技术2024，Vol.58Issue(6)：1169-1200,32.DOI:10.7538/yzk.2024.youxian.0425
高能涡旋粒子的产生与碰撞:进展、前景及挑战
Generation and Collision of High-energy Vortex Particles:Advances,Prospects and Challenges
摘要
Abstract
Vortex states of photons,electrons,and other particles are non-plane-wave solutions of the corresponding wave equation with helicoidal wave fronts.These vortex states carry intrinsic orbital angular momentum along their mean propagation direction,endowing their wave functions with a spiral phase structure akin to whirlpool-like water flows or spinning tops.The distinctive properties of vortex particles,such as their topological charge,transverse momentum distribution,and the presence of phase singularities,have garnered significant attention across various scientific disciplines,including imaging and communication,metamaterials,spectroscopy,atomic and nuclear structure,particle and hadron physics,and even astrophysics,unlocking new dimensions of exploration.This article aims to succinctly outline the experimental techniques for generating various vortex particles and the corresponding detection methods,while delving into their impacts in diverse interactions,including angular momentum transfer,extension of selection rules,modulation of atomic linear motion,adjustment of differential cross-sections and energy dissipation rates,as well as transformations of photon polarization.Particular emphasis was placed on highlighting their invaluable scientific contributions and application potential,especially in optimizing nuclear reaction mechanisms,propelling innovations in particle accelerator technology,investigating the internal structure of hadrons,and unraveling the deep architecture of neutron stars.关键词
涡旋态粒子/轨道角动量/拓扑荷Key words
vortex state particles/orbital angular momentum/topological charge分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
郭任彤,马木提江·阿巴拜克热,卢知为,徐忠锋,栗建兴..高能涡旋粒子的产生与碰撞:进展、前景及挑战[J].原子能科学技术,2024,58(6):1169-1200,32.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(12022506,U2267204) （12022506,U2267204）
中国科学院等离子体物理研究所基础科学与技术基金会(CKYS2021212008) （CKYS2021212008）
陕西数理基础科学研究项目(22JSY014) （22JSY014）
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBQN-0042) （2024JC-YBQN-0042）
