生物熏蒸结合强还原土壤灭菌法对菊花生长及连作土壤的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

In order to study the effect of biological fumigation combined with reduction soil disinfestation(RSD)on the chrysanthemum morifolium growth and the continuous cropping soil character,the Nannong bingjie was used as material,experiment groups were setted as follow:continuous cropping soil(CK),biofumigation with rape(R),biofumigation with rape+rice straw(R+RS),biofumigation with rape+corn straw(R+MS)and biofumigation with rape+wheat bran(R+FS).The growth idexes of nutrient concentration of different organs of chrysanthemum in different growth stages,the soil physical and chemical properties and microbial quantity were measured.The results showed that,the growth indexes at full-bloom stage of chrysanthemum under different soil treatments were significantly higher than those under CK,and the growth indexes of R+FS showed the highest,all the treatments could promote the index of root growth and the R+FS showed the best.Compared with CK,different soil treatments could improve the soil ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter,which increased 102.59%-155.23%,31.49%-72.07%,31.50%-92.85%and 38.32%-71.30%,respectively,and the soil pH decreased by 0.09-0.37 unit.Each treatment had different impact on soil EC,which decreased from 462 µs·cm-1 to 200 and 285 µs·cm-1 respectively in R+MS and R+FS,which increased to 585 and 614 µs·cm-1 respectively in R and R+RS.Except the R+RS,the population of soil bacteria and fungi significant increased(P<0.05)in all other treatments,and the enhancement of bacteria had greater pace than that of fungi.In the R+RS,there show a significant decrease in the population of soil fungi at seedling stage compared with CK.The population of Fusarium oxysporum in the all treamtents significantly reduced,and R+FS showed the greatest effect on Fusarium oxysporum which were 4.12 and 3.87 lg copies·g-1 soil at the stages of seedling and full-bloom,which decreased by 62.11%and 53.46%,respectively,when compared with CK.In addition,the incidence of Fusarium wilt of chrysanthemum in each treatment was lower than that in CK,and the control effect reached to 33.65%and 55.70%,respectively.In conclusion,biofumigation combined with RSD could promoted chrysanthemum growth and quality by improving physical and chemical properties of continuous cropping soil,increasing the quatity of microorganisms and the content of nutrient in the soil,and reducing the population of Fusarium oxysporum.The results of this study provide a technical support to highly effective and green cultivation of chrysanthemum.