电解液改善锂离子电池低温析锂研究进展OA北大核心CSTPCD

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are strongly considered the"heart"of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles,playing a vital role in advancing the de-fossil fuels for our sustainable world.However,during charging in low-temperature conditions(0℃ and below),the electrode polarization of LIBs increases,leading to significant Li plating.To address this issue,it is imperative to strategically design low-temperature electrolytes,that can reduce electrode polarization during low-temperature charging and establish a stable electrolyte-electrode interface.By doing so,it becomes feasible to effectively mitigate Li plating and its detrimental impacts on LIBs.In this review,we firstly introduce the formation mechanism of low-temperature lithium plating and emphasize that the implementation of low-temperature electrolyte to mitigating the low-temperature Li plating in working LIBs.Subsequently,we summarize various electrolyte design strategies aimed at mitigating the challenges posed by low-temperature Li plating.The strategies include weakly solvating electrolytes and solvent co-intercalation electrolytes to lower the desolvation energy barrier,localized high-concentration electrolytes for low-impedance SEI formation,and ester-based high-concentration electrolytes for passivating plated Li.Furthermore,we analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of these strategies.Lastly,drawing on existing research findings,we outline the future directions concerning the regulation of low-temperature Li plating behavior through electrolyte solutions.Emphasis is placed on the necessity of developing real-time early-warning methods for Li plating,evaluating the effectiveness of electrolytes in inhibiting low-temperature Li plating under practical conditions,and designing of low-temperature electrolytes tailored for silicon-carbon composite anodes that consider both electrochemical kinetics and interfacial stability.These approaches aim to simultaneously achieve high capacity and long lifespan of low-temperature LIBs.