高蛋白大豆冀豆12及其衍生品种(系)的特点与遗传分析OA北大核心CSTPCD

Jidou 12,a elite high-protein soybean variety,has been engineered by the Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops at the Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,distinguished for its superior protein content,yield,and robust disease resistance.Acknowledged in 2001 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as a remarkable crop germplasm,it stands as the most extensively promoted high-protein soybean variety across China.This study aims to elucidate Jidou 12′s primary phenotypic attributes and genetic makeup,employing pedigree charts alongside resequencing technology to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Jidou 12,its derivative varieties,and pioneering germplasm.Through extensive production trials,the salient features of Jidou 12 along with its descendants and germplasm were identified,including an examination of the inheritance patterns of critical functional loci across generations.As the inaugural high-protein variety within the Huang-Huai-Hai region,Jidou 12 has been widely utilized as a cornerstone parent.Up to this point,23 derivative varieties have been cultivated,receiving certifications and widespread adoption in locales such as Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei,Jiangsu,Anhui,Hubei,among others,alongside the innovation of 15 specialized high-protein germplasm.The phenotypic assessment reveals considerable diversity in yield-related traits,protein composition,and Flower Leaf Virus resistance among Jidou 12 derivatives,with the least variability noted in growth duration and plant stature.From a genetic perspective,Jidou 12 and its derivatives and germplasm predominantly segregate into three subgroups.Heatmap tracking analysis of functional sites underscores the high transmission efficiency of Jidou 12′s advantageous loci.It also highlights the compensatory enhancement against less favorable traits like aphid resistance in progenies.The derivative varieties exhibit a wide range of protein contents,with two surpassing that of Jidou 12,suggesting a positive correlation between the number of high-protein associated loci in Jidou 12′s background and the protein content in its derivatives(lines).Throughout the breeding endeavors leveraging Jidou 12 as the core germplasm,priority should be given to the selection for protein content and resistance to Flower Leaf Virus,alongside considerations for growth period and plant height.Furthermore,the parental selection process should also take into account the complementarity of aphid resistance and salt tolerance genes.