酸热法提取黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂工艺研究OA北大核心CSTPCD
Study on the process of extracting black soldier fly oils from fresh larvae by acid-heat method
[目的]构建黑水虻油脂的快速、高效的新型提取工艺,解决传统提取工艺中因乳化作用和细胞破碎不足导致油脂提取率较低的问题,为黑水虻油脂的提取及黑水虻油脂的规模化发展提供新思路.[方法]使用酸热法提取黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂,通过控制变量法选取黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂的预处理方法和提取溶剂,经单因素试验和正交试验对提取工艺进行优化,分析黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂的理化指标,并通过高效气相色谱仪分析其脂肪酸组成.[结果]酸热法提取黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂的最佳预处理方法为添加质量分数5.0％的柠檬酸溶液匀浆破碎(m(鲜幼虫/g)∶V(溶液/mL)=1∶1),最佳提取溶剂为石油醚,提取工艺条件为柠檬酸溶液质量分数5.0％、料液比m(鲜幼虫/g)∶V(石油醚/mL)=1∶5、提取时间60 min和提取温度50 ℃.在此条件下,油脂提取率达到94.67％,且耗时4 h便可得到黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂.黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂的酸值为9.30 mg·g-1,过氧化值为1.74 mmol·kg-1,皂化值为227.23 mg·g-1.鲜幼虫油脂共检测出20种脂肪酸,其中,亚油酸与月桂酸的含量最高,分别为32.72％和30.75％.[结论]酸热法能快速、高效地提取黑水虻鲜幼虫油脂,既节省了干燥成本,又保证了油脂的品质和脂肪酸组成.
[Objective]A new rapid and efficient extraction process of black soldier fly oils was con-structed to solve the problem of low oil extraction rate caused by insufficient emulsification and cell breakage in the traditional extraction process,aiming to provide a new idea for the extraction of black soldier fly oils and the large-scale development of black soldier fly oils.[Method]The Acid-heat ex-traction method was used to extract the black soldier fly oils from fresh larvae.The best pretreatment method and the best extraction solvent for the black soldier fly oil from fresh larvae were selected by the control variable method.The extraction process was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogo-nal experiment.The physical and chemical indexes of black soldier fly oil from fresh larvae were ana-lyzed,and its fatty acid composition was analyzed by high performance gas chromatography.[Result]The best pretreatment method for extraction oil of black soldier fly from fresh larvae by acid-thermal ex-traction method was to add mass fraction of 5.0％citric acid solution homogenate broken(m(fresh larvae/g)∶V(solution/mL)=1∶1).The best extraction solvent is petroleum ether,and the optimum extraction conditions were as follows:mass fraction of citric acid solution 5.0％,material liquid ratio m(fresh larvae/g)∶V(petroleum ether/mL)=1∶5,extraction time 60 min and the extraction tempera-ture 50 ℃.Under these conditions,the oil extraction rate reached 94.67％,and the black soldier fly oil from fresh larvae could be obtained in 4 h.The acid value,peroxide value and saponification value of black soldier fly larval oil were 9.30 mg·g-1,1.74 mmol·kg-1 and 227.23 mg·g-1,respective-ly.A total of 20 fatty acids were detected in the oil of the black soldier fly from fresh larvae,of which the contents of linoleic acid and lauric acid were the highest,which were 32.72％and 30.75％,re-spectively.[Conclusion]The acid-heat extraction method can quickly and efficiently extract the oil of black soldier fly from fresh larvae,which not only saves the drying cost,but also ensures the quality and fatty acid composition of the oil of black soldier fly from fresh larvae.
郭兆鑫;李桃欢;杨森;张世敏;李肖杏;裴亚欣;张继冉
河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州 450046河南中大恒源生物科技有限公司,河南 漯河 462600
化学工程
黑水虻酸热法柠檬酸石油醚
black soldier flyacid-heat extraction methodcitric acidpetroleum ether
《河南农业大学学报》 2024 (004)
601-609 / 9
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700904-07)
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