种植方式对马铃薯生长及根区土壤细菌群落结构的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD
Effects of planting patterns on potato growth and soil bacterial community structure in root zone
以'华薯 5号'为材料,于 2022、2023年在湖南省株洲市开展大田栽培试验,研究不同种植方式对马铃薯生长、土壤化学性质及细菌群落结构的影响.结果表明:高产高效方式(种植密度为 82 500 株/hm2,施硫酸钾复合肥1 125 kg/hm2、有机肥1 500 kg/hm2、生物酶活化磷肥750 kg/hm2、40%硫酸锌15 kg/hm2)的株高、茎粗高于农民方式(种植密度为 67 500株/hm2,施 750 kg/hm2硫酸钾复合肥)和高产方式(种植密度为 75 000株/hm2,施1 500 kg/hm2硫酸钾复合肥);2022、2023年高产高效方式的产量分别为28.78、46.83 t/hm2,显著高于农民方式和高产方式的;高产高效方式的土壤 pH、有机质(SOM)含量和脲酶活性均显著高于农民方式和高产方式的;高产方式显著提高了土壤水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾的含量;采用高通量测序对不同种植方式马铃薯根区土壤细菌群落结构进行分析,结果表明,高产方式的 OTUs、Chao1 指数最高;主成分分析表明,农民方式与高产方式、高产高效方式的细菌群落组成差异较大,高产高效方式门水平上 Proteobacteria 和 Deferribacterota 相对丰度及属水平上Mucispirillum和Lactobacillus相对丰度均高于农民方式和高产方式;RDA分析表明,土壤pH、N、P、K、有机质含量及土壤脲酶活性是影响细菌群落结构的主要环境因子;SEM 分析表明,土壤 pH 和 SOM、N、P、K 含量是提高马铃薯产量和改变土壤细菌多样性的主要驱动因子.综上所述,与农民方式、高产方式相比,高产高效方式能促进马铃薯植株生长,缓解土壤酸化和提高有机质含量,增加根区土壤细菌主要优势门的相对丰度,显著增加块茎产量.
Using'Huashu No.5'as material,field cultivation experiments were carried out in Zhuzhou City,Hunan Province in 2022 and 2023 to study the effects of different planting patterns on potato growth,soil chemical properties and bacterial community structure.The results showed that the high yield and high efficiency pattern(planting density of 82 500 plants/hm2,1 125 kg/hm2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer,1 500 kg/hm2 organic fertilizer,750 kg/hm2 bioenzyme activated phosphate fertilizer and 40%zinc sulfate 15 kg/hm2)had higher plant height and stem diameter than the farmer pattern(planting density of 67 500 plants/hm2 and 750 kg/hm2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer)and high-yield pattern(planting density of 75 000 plants/hm2 and 1 500 kg/hm2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer).The yield of high-yield and high-efficiency pattern were 28.78 and 46.83 t/hm2,in 2022 and 2023 respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the farmer pattern and high-yield pattern.The soil pH,organic matter(SOM)content and urease activity of high yield and high efficiency pattern were significantly higher than those of the farmer pattern and high yield pattern,and the contents of hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil of the high yield pattern were significantly increased.High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze soil bacterial community structure in potato root zone of different patterns,the results showed that the OTUs number,Chao1 index of the high yield pattern were the highest.Principal component analysis showed that the bacterial community composition of these three patterns was quite different.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Deferribacterota at the phylum level and Mucispirillum and Lactobacillus at the genus level in the high yield and efficiency pattern were the highest.Redundancy analysis showed that soil pH,N,P,K,SOM contents and soil urease activity were the main environmental factors affecting the bacterial community structure.SEM analysis showed that soil pH and SOM,N,P,K contents were the main driving factors to improve potato yield and change soil bacterial diversity.In conclusion,high yield and efficiency pattern could promote the growth of potato plants,alleviate soil acidification,and increase the SOM content,the relative abundance of main dominant phylum of soil bacteria in the root zone and the tuber yield.
张慧菊;田敏;杨明愈;刘海怡;林原;柳蓉;秦玉芝;熊兴耀;胡新喜
湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南 长沙 410128||湖南省马铃薯工程技术研究中心,湖南 长沙 410128||蔬菜生物学湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410128中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所,广东深圳 518120
农业科学
马铃薯种植方式密度肥料产量细菌群落
potatoplanting patterndensityfertilizeryieldbacterial community
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》 2024 (003)
17-26,40 / 11
农业部和财政部现代农业技术产业体系(CARS-09-ES16);湖南省农业农村厅项目(湘财建指[2023]98号)
评论