桑椹菌核病菌的分离鉴定及室内药剂筛选OA北大核心CSTPCD
Isolation and identification of mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis pathogen and laboratory screening of biological fungicides
[目的]桑椹菌核病是桑果上的一种毁灭性病害,对果桑产业的健康发展和产量稳定构成了严重的威胁.分离鉴定引起江西省乐安县桑椹菌核病的病原菌并筛选抑制其菌丝生长的生物农药,为后续研究该病绿色防控技术提供理论依据.[方法]利用组织分离法和柯赫氏法则对江西省乐安县的发病桑椹进行病原分离和致病性测定;采用形态学和分子生物学手段对分离到的病原菌进行鉴定并优化其培养条件;采用含药平板法测定7种生物农药对病原菌的抑制效果.[结果]从发生桑椹菌核病的种植地采集的菌核分离出的8株真菌在PDA培养基上培养特征一致,以菌株JH21为代表对其ITS和RPB2序列扩增测序,经过同源比对确定JH21为核地杖菌(Scleromitrula shiraiana).该菌的菌丝在pH为6的绿豆葡萄糖琼脂培养基(MBDA)上12 h/12 h光暗交替、20～25℃培养时生长较好.室内药剂筛选结果表明,0.3%四霉素水剂和0.3%丁子香酚可溶液剂对核地杖菌有较好抑制作用,其EC50分别为0.078 μg/mL、0.667 μg/mL.[结论]研究确定了在江西省乐安县种植园中的桑椹主要受到由核地仗菌侵染引起的缩小性菌核病的威胁.四霉素和丁子香酚作为生物农药具有绿色、安全的特点,在防治桑椹菌核病方面具有应用潜力.
[Objective]Mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis is a destructive disease on mulberry fruits,which poses a serious threat to the healthy development of the fruit and mulberry industry and yield stability.In order to provide the theoretical basis for the green prevention and control technology of mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis,the pathogens causing mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis in Le'an County,Jiangxi Province,were isolated and identified and the biopesticides with the ability of inhibiting the growth of the pathogens mycelium were screened.[Method]Tissue isolation method and Koch's rule were used to isolate and determine the pathogenicity of diseased mulberry in Le'an County,Jiangxi Province.Morphological and molecular biology methods were used to identify the isolated pathogens and optimize their cultivation conditions.The inhibitory effect of 7 biopesticides on the pathogen was measured using the drug containing plate method.[Result]Eight strains of fungi were isolated from the sclerotia collected from the planting site where mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis occurred,and cultured on PDA medium with consistent characteristics.The ITS and RPB2 sequences of representative strain JH21 were amplified and sequenced,and the strain JH21 was identified as Scleromitrula shiraiana by homology comparison.The mycelium of S.shiraiana grew better when it was incubated on mung bean dextrose agar medium(MBDA)at pH of 6 for 12 h with alternating light and dark and temperature conditions of 20-25℃.The laboratory screening of fungicides results showed that 0.3%Tetramycin aqueous solution and 0.3%Eugenol soluble solution had good inhibitory effects on the growth of S.shiraiana with EC50 of 0.078 μg/mL and 0.667 μg/mL respectively.[Conclusion]In this study,it was determined that mulberry plantations in Le'an County of Jiangxi Province were mainly threatened by reduced sorosis scleroteniosis caused by S.shiraiana.As biopesticides,Tetramycin and Eugenol are eco-friendly and safe,and they have potential applications in the prevention and control of mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis.
刘彤珂;赖家豪;熊桂红;游婧;蒋军喜;刘冰
江西农业大学 农学院,江西 南昌 330045
畜牧业
桑椹菌核病病原鉴定核地杖菌培养条件生物农药
mulberry fruit sclerotiniosispathogen identificationScleromitrula shiraianacultivation conditionsbiopesticides
《江西农业大学学报》 2024 (004)
914-923 / 10
国家自然科学基金项目(31460139)和江西省蚕桑产业技术体系(JXARS-23)Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31460139)and Jiangxi Sericultural Industry Technology System(JXARS-23)
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