北方农牧交错区秸秆覆盖防风蚀技术创新与应用OACSTPCD

The northern agro-pastoral ecotone is an important ecological security barrier to curb desertification and sandification east to South in China,which is of great strategic significance to national food security and border stability.For a long time,the problems of farmland desertification degradation and productivity decline caused by serious soil wind erosion and over-cultivation have become increasingly prominent.The technology of straw crushing and covering surface wind erosion prevention has been carried out at home and abroad.The application of straw in the agro-pastoral ecotone is easy to blow away the soil and the stability of wind erosion control is poor.Therefore,the in-depth study of straw mulching technology for wind erosion prevention is of great significance in farmland ecological management.The paper discusses straw mulching techniques such as stubble mulching,broken straw mulching and stubble-straw composite mulching on wind erosion prevention and soil moisture conservation and fertilization,elucidates the effects of straw mulching on soil microbial community structure and crop agronomic traits and yield traits,summarizes the innovative content and application effects of stubble-straw composite mulching technology,and clarifies the effect and suitability of the wind erosion prevention by the differentiated stubble-straw composite precision mulching technology created in combination with the ecological characteristics of agro-pastoral ecotone and complex farming systems.The differentiated stubble-straw composite precise mulching technology has become the leading technology in major projects such as black soil protection in Northeast China,national farmland protection and quality improvement,and has been widely promoted and applied,providing important scientific and technological support for farmland protection and utilization,and national food security.