硫肥对水稻幼苗生长及砷、镉和铬累积的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD
Effects of sulfate fertilizer on the growth of rice seedlings and accumulation of As,Cd,and Cr in plants
为探究江汉平原不缺硫的重金属污染土壤上施用硫肥对水稻生长是否有促进作用以及硫肥对植株重金属吸收累积的影响,以湖北省洪湖市砷轻度污染的稻田土作为研究对象,采用盆栽的方法,研究了硫酸钾肥(施硫处理)替代氯化钾肥(CK处理)对水稻幼苗生长、抗氧化系统及不同部位砷、镉和铬吸收累积的影响.结果表明:施硫处理提高了水稻幼苗光合作用,促进了水稻幼苗生长,其净光合速率和地上部鲜质量较CK分别提高了67.8%(P＜0.05)和25.6%(P＜0.05).施硫处理还减轻了重金属对水稻幼苗的氧化胁迫作用并增强了其螯合重金属能力,其叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量较CK处理分别降低了54.8%(P＜0.05)、30.5%(P＜0.05)、37.3%(P＜0.01)和36.30%(P＜0.05);叶片还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、抗坏血酸(AsA)含量、非蛋白质态巯基总量(NPT)和植物螯合肽(PCs)含量较CK分别增加了7.2%(P＜0.05)、38.5%(P＜0.01)、7.5%(P＜0.05)和7.7%(P＜0.01).与CK处理对比,施硫处理土壤有效态砷和有效态镉的含量分别降低了71.4%和46.0%.硫肥促进了水稻根表铁膜的形成,提高了水稻各部位S含量,并且使地上部砷、镉和铬的含量较CK分别降低13.5%(P＜0.05)、10.6%(P＜0.05)和45.2%(P＜0.01),地下部分别降低10.0%(P＜0.05)、15.1%(P＜0.05)和31.7%(P＜0.01).综上所述,在江汉平原不缺硫的土壤上施用硫肥对水稻生长有促进作用,并且可以降低土壤砷和镉的有效性,抑制水稻对砷、镉和铬的吸收累积.
This was conducted to investigate whether sulfate fertilizer application in heavy-metal contaminated soil with sufficient available sulfate could promote the growth of rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedlings and reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in plants,with the intention to provide a scientific basis for the safe production of rice in heavy-metal contaminated paddy fields in Jianghan Plain,Hubei Province,China.The tested soil was collected from the cultivation layer of rice fields with mild arsenic pollution in Honghu City,Hubei Province,China.A pot experiment was employed to study the effects of potassium sulfate fertilizer application(sulfate treatment)instead of potassium chloride fertilizer(CK)on rice seedlings growth,antioxidant system changes,and As,Cd,and Cr uptake and accumulation in rice seedlings.The results showed that sulfate fertilizer treatment increased photosynthesis and promoted the growth of rice seedlings.The net photosynthetic rate and rice shoots fresh weight increased by 67.8%(P＜0.05)and 25.6%(P＜0.05)compared with CK,respectively.Moreover,sulfate application reduced the oxidative stress and enhanced the chelation ability of heavy metals in rice seedlings.Compared with the CK,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the leaves of sulfate-treated plants were significantly reduced by 54.8%(P＜0.05),30.5%(P＜0.05),37.3%(P＜0.01),and 36.30%(P＜0.05),respectively.The contents of reduced glutathione(GSH),ascorbic acid(AsA),total non-protein thiol(NPT),and plant chelating peptide(PCs)in rice leaves increased significantly by 7.2%(P＜0.05),38.5%(P＜0.01),7.5%(P＜0.05),and 7.7%(P＜0.01),respectively.In addition,sulfate fertilizer application significantly reduced soil available As and available Cd contents by 71.4%and 46.0%,respectively.Sulfate fertilizer addition promoted the formation of iron film on the root surface and increased the S content in rice seedlings.Moreover,compared with CK,the contents of As,Cd,and Cr in the shoots and roots of plants under sulfate treatment decreased by 13.5%(P＜0.05),10.6%(P＜0.05),and 45.2%(P＜0.01)(shoots),as well as 10%(P＜0.05),15.1%(P＜0.05),and 31.7%(P＜0.01)(roots),respectively.In conclusion,sulfate fertilizer application in paddy soil without sulfate deficiency in Jianghan Plain could promote rice seedlings growth,reduce soil As and Cd availability,and inhibit the uptake and accumulation of As,Cd,and Cr in plants.
周彩玉;林隽;唐钰焱;刘必成;曹梦华;涂书新;熊双莲
华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070||华中农业大学微量元素中心,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070||土壤环境与污染修复湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070||华中农业大学微量元素中心,武汉 430070||土壤环境与污染修复湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
环境科学
砷镉铬水稻硫肥
arseniccadmiumchromiumricesulfate fertilizer
《农业环境科学学报》 2024 (007)
1458-1467 / 10
湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2018ABA092);国家自然科学基金项目(41101464)Technical Innovation Special Major Program of Hubei Province,China(2018ABA092);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101464)
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