水生生物学报2024，Vol.48Issue(8)：1443-1458,16.DOI:10.7541/2024.2023.0409
水生生物环境DNA监测技术的发展、应用与标准化
DEVELOPMENT,APPLICATIONS,AND STANDARDIZATION OF ENVIRON-MENTAL DNA MONITORING TECHNOLOGY FOR AQUATIC ORGANISMS
摘要
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems play a pivotal role in ensuring national ecological security by serving as a fundamental foundation.Within these ecosystems,aquatic organisms occupy a central position,acting as crucial indicators for study-ing the evolution of water bodies and preserving aquatic ecological health.Traditional surveys and monitoring of aquatic organism have typically relied on morphological methods,which suffer from limitations such as high expertise requirements,standardization and automation difficulties,and time-consuming processes.Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology offers a promising alternative.This method identifies specific species by detecting DNA fragments present in the environment.By leveraging DNA molecules in water,eDNA technology provides an accurate,convenient,stan-dardized,and automated approach for routine aquatic organism monitoring.This review introduces the basic principles of eDNA technology,summarizes the development history,and process of eDNA technology from its inception to widespread research applications.Furthermore,it explores various aquatic organism identification and monitoring tech-nologies based on eDNA,including eDNA barcoding and metagenomics.The application of eDNA technology spans various fields,encompassing species conservation,invasive species monitoring,and aquatic ecological assessment.However,the review also addresses challenges confronting eDNA technology,such as the incompleteness of species reference sequence database.To tackle these challenges,the review suggests optimizing and enhancing databases,refin-ing sample collection methods,and improving evaluation indicators,sample preservation,data analysis,and storage.Additionally,recommendations are provided for the standardized and automated implementation of aquatic organism eDNA monitoring in China,taking into account the current stage of development in eDNA technology.关键词
环境DNA技术/标准化/水生生物监测/宏条形码测序技术/宏基因组测序技术/eDNA数据库Key words
Environmental DNA technology/Standardization/Aquatic organism monitoring/Metabarcoding sequenc-ing technology/Metagenomic sequencing technology/eDNA database分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
谷思雨,李涛,张琪,崔永德,曾宏辉,何舜平,王业耀,缪炜,陈凯,金小伟,李文攀,陈晓飞,熊晶,汤敏喆,姜传奇,熊杰..水生生物环境DNA监测技术的发展、应用与标准化[J].水生生物学报,2024,48(8):1443-1458,16.基金项目
科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100400) （2022FY100400）
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0604) （2021xjkk0604）
国家自然科学基金(U22A20454)资助[Supported by the Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(2022FY100400) （U22A20454）
the Third Xin-jiang Scientific Expedition Program(2021xjkk0604) （2021xjkk0604）
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20454)] （U22A20454）
