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熟化银精矿氧压强化酸浸行为研究OA北大核心CSTPCD

Enhanced acid leaching behavior of curing silver concentrate by oxygen pressure

中文摘要英文摘要

考虑到浮选银精矿极具回收价值及现有处理工艺存在不足,本文提出了浓硫酸熟化-氧压酸浸的工艺路线.首先,以湿法炼锌过程产出的浮选银精矿为对象,利用浓硫酸的强氧化性破坏浮选残留有机药剂矿物包裹体;其次,利用加压湿法冶金独特的技术优势,氧化溶解低价金属硫化物;最后,重点研究了工艺过程原理及氧压酸浸过程中Zn、Cu、In的浸出行为及浸出渣中物相演变规律.研究结果表明:银精矿颗粒表面残留浮选药剂的P—O、—OH极性基团被浓硫酸氧化破坏,避免产生水化膜及矿物包裹体,促进有价元素的高效浸出;在高温氧化性条件和Fe3+/Fe2+变价离子对的助浸作用下,银精矿物相组成由闪锌矿(ZnS)、锌铁尖晶石(ZnFe2O4)、雌黄铁矿(FeS)、氯化亚铜(CuCl)为主,转变为以单质硫(S8)、铁矾(MeFe3(SO4)2(OH)6,Me:1/2Pb、Na、K)为主,并残留少量的闪锌矿(ZnS);适当提高反应温度和初始质量浓度可促进Zn、Cu、In的浸出,但温度过高会加剧铟铁共沉淀问题,降低锌、铟的浸出率,而质量浓度过高会降低氧气对ZnS及Fe2+的氧化能力,抑制银精矿的溶解;延长反应时间、提高液固比均有利于银精矿的解离浸出;增大氧分压可以加强Fe3+的氧化能力,促进对ZnS及ZnxFe(1-x)S的氧化作用,有利于银精矿的溶解.在反应温度为155℃、初始质量浓度为160 g/L、反应时间为180 min、氧分压为0.8 MPa、液固比为7 mL/g的氧压酸浸条件下,银精矿中Zn、Cu、In的浸出率分别为94.84%、98.36%和91.13%,浸出渣中铅、银的富集率分别达2.88%和7 754 g/t.

In view of the high recovery value of flotation silver concentrate and the shortcomings of existing treatment technology,the technological route of sulfuric acid curing oxygen pressure acid leaching was put forward.Firstly,the flotation silver concentrate produced in zinc hydrometallurgy process was taken as the research object,and the strong oxidation of concentrated sulfuric acid was used to destroy the flotation residual organic reagent mineral inclusions.Secondly,the unique technical advantages of pressurized hydrometallurgy was used to oxidize and dissolve low-priced metal sulfides.Finally,the principle of technological process,the leaching behavior of Zn,Cu and In in the process of aging silver concentrate and oxygen pressure acid leaching,and the phase evolution law in leaching residue were emphatically studied.The results show that the P—O and—OH polar groups of residual flotation reagents on the surface of silver concentrate particles are destroyed by concentrated sulfuric acid oxidation,which avoids the formation of hydration film and mineral inclusions and promotes the efficient leaching of valuable elements.Under the condition of high-temperature oxidation and assisted by Fe3+/Fe2+valence-changing ions,the mineral phase composition of silver concentrate is mainly composed of sphalerite(ZnS),zinc-iron spinel(ZnFe2O4),orpiment(FeS)and cuprous chloride(CuCl),and has evolved into elemental sulfur(S8)and ferric alum(MeFe3(SO4)2(OH)6,Me:1/2Pb、Na、K).Appropriately increasing reaction temperature and initial mass concentration can promote the leaching of Zn,Cu and In,but too high temperature will aggravate the coprecipitation of indium and iron,and reduce the leaching rate of zinc and indium.Too high acidity will reduce the oxidation ability of oxygen to ZnS and Fe2+and inhibit the dissolution of silver concentrate.Prolonging the reaction time and increasing the liquid-solid ratio are beneficial to the dissociation and leaching of silver concentrate.Increasing the oxygen partial pressure can enhance the oxidation ability of Fe3+,promote the oxidation of ZnS and ZnxFe(1-x)S,and facilitate the dissolution of silver concentrate.Under the conditions of reaction temperature of 155℃,initial mass concentration of 160 g/L,reaction time of 180 min,oxygen partial pressure of 0.8 MPa and liquid-solid ratio of 7 mL/g,the leaching rates of Zn,Cu and In in silver concentrate are 94.84%,98.36%and 91.13%,respectively,and the enrichment rates of lead and silver in leaching residue are 2.88%and 7 754 g/t,respectively.

刘强;李存兄;顾智辉;李倡纹;王启亮;宋健清

昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明,650093

冶金工业

浮选银精矿浓硫酸熟化水化作用氧压酸浸浸出率

flotation of silver concentrateconcentrated sulfuric acid curinghydrationoxygen pressure acid leachingleaching rate

《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》 2024 (006)

2092-2105 / 14

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52064034);云南省重点研发计划项目(202202AB080005);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902801)(Project(52064034)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(202202AB080005)supported by the Key R&D Program of Yunnan Province;Project(2021YFC2902801)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China

10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2024.06.004

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