社会经济因素对老年长期照护方式选择的影响:基于安德森健康行为模型的实证研究OA北大核心CSTPCD
Influence of socioeconomic factors on the choice of long-term care options for the elderly in China:an empirical study based on Andersen's behavioral model
目的 分析需要长期照护老年人的基本特征,探究老年人群选择长期照护方式的潜在影响因素,为预先优化对应的照护服务提供理论依据.方法 利用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据,选择"社会化长期照护"或"非正式的家庭照护"为被解释变量,以修正的安德森健康行为模型为理论分析框架,采用logistic回归模型探究前倾因素、使能因素、需求因素对选择长期照护方式的影响.结果 需要长期照护的65岁及以上老年人中,848名(16.68%)选择社会化长期照护,4 236名(83.32%)选择家庭照护;5 084名老年人中,87.43%为80岁及以上,64.10%为女性,79.85%为未婚/丧偶/离异,67.54%为农村户籍,80.76%享受医疗保险,69.81%患有慢性病.小学以上受教育程度、未婚/丧偶/离异、东部/东北部、南方、城市地区、高收入、享受离退休待遇、未参加医疗保险、所在社区提供生活照料服务的老年人,更加倾向于选择社会化长期照护(P＜0.05).结论 家庭照护是我国长期照护的主要方式,选择何种长期照护方式主要受受教育程度、婚姻状况、家庭规模、医疗保险等因素的影响.建议以社区为平台基础,整合养老生活照料和医养资源,深入发挥家庭在长期照护中的积极作用.
Objective To analyze the basic characteristics of elderly individuals in need of long-term care and to iden-tify the potential factors influencing their choices of long-term care.This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for pre-optimizing care services.Methods Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)were employed,with"Social Long-term Care"or"Informal Family Care"selected as the dependent variable,to modify the Andersen's Behavior Model of Health Services Use.Logistic regression was used to investigate the influence of pre-disposing factors,enabling factors,and need factors on the choice of long-term care methods.Results Among elderly individuals aged 65 and above who are in need of long-term care,848(16.68%)chose social long-term care,while 4,236(83.32%)chose family care.Of the 5,084 elderly participants,87.43%were aged 80 and above,64.10%were female,79.85%were unmarried/widowed/divorced,67.54%were from rural areas,80.76%had medical insurance,and 69.81%suffered from chronic diseases.Elderly individuals with education levels above primary school,high income or retire-ment benefits,without medical insurance,unmarried/widowed/divorced,living in the eastern/northeastern or southern re-gions,urban areas,and communities providing daily-life care services were apt to choose social long-term care(P＜0.05).Conclusions Family care is the primary mode of long-term care in China.The choice of long-term care is mainly in-fluenced by factors such as education level,marital status,family size,and medical insurance.It is recommended to set communities as foundational platforms,integrating elderly life care and medical care resources to further enhance the positive role of families in long-term care.
曹丽丽;陈鸣声
南京医科大学团委,江苏 南京 211166南京医科大学医政学院,江苏 南京 211166
预防医学
长期照护老龄化需求照护模式影响因素
long-term careagingdemandcare modelinfluencing factor
《健康发展与政策研究》 2024 (002)
104-111 / 8
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71874086,72174093)
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