气象2024，Vol.50Issue(8)：997-1011,15.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2024.030501
三次台风登陆后雨带列车效应特征对比
Comparison of the Train Effect Characteristics of Rainbands After the Landfall of Three Typhoons
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the possible formation mechanism and flow pattern of extreme precipitation caused by the train effect of typhoon rainbands,we comparatively analyze the circulation situation and the convection organization of three heavy rainfall processes related to train effect after the landfall of the Ty-phoon Soudelor(No.1513,process 1),the Typhoon Fitow(No.1323,process 2)and the Typhoon Matsa(No.0509,process 3)by using multi-source observation data and the ERA5 reanalysis data.The results show that the extreme precipitation of the three processes all occurred on the windward slope of the hills in the eastern part of Zhejiang Province.The directions of the rainbands were consistent with the background air flows,and convergence of water vapor flux was mainly concentrated below 850 hPa.However,the am-bient backgrounds of the three processes are different obviously.In process 1,the rainband happend be-tween the low pressure and the subtropical high,the vertical wind shear and the CAPE were large,the water vapor came from tropical ocean surface,and the wet layer was thick.Process 2 took place in a sad-dle-shaped field between the residual vortex of a typhoon over land and another typhoon over the sea.The vertical wind shear and CAPE were weak,water vapor was from the sea surface at the same latitude,and the wet layer was located in the middle and lower level of the troposphere.Process 3 was caused by the spiral rainband in the core zone of typhoon.The vertical wind shear was strong and the CAPE was the minimum.Moreover,the structure and organization of the rainbands in the three process are obviously dif-ferent.In process 1,the boundary layer convergence and the convective system highly developed,the ba-roclinic structure of the mesoscale convergence line promoted the uplift of warm and humid air from the sea surface,and the convergence field strengthenned the degree of organization.In process 2,the wind direc-tion of the weak cold pool was opposited to the easterly airflow,while with similar wind speed and shallow convergence.The warm cloud rain was dominant.The new cells continued to form at the eastern boundary of the rainbands,and dissipated at the western boundary.The stagnation of rainband caused continuous belt-like heavy rainfall area.In process 3,the spiral bands in the inner-core section of typhoon were affect-ed by the typhoon vortex dynamics,the convection developed at lower height,and the structure tilted slightly to the outside.The rainband developed with the wind speed convergence caused by the fluctuating of southeast jet,which resulted in extreme rainfall.The above facts show that the train effect of typhoon rainbands causing extreme precipitation can be formed in various ways,so there are great challenges faced in the short-time forecasting and nowcasting of such extreme precipitation.关键词
台风/列车效应/中尺度辐合/冷池Key words
typhoon/train effect/mesoscale convergence/cold pool分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
翁之梅,李渊,范敏霜,高丽,冯也骋,王凯,倪钟萍,黄晓龙..三次台风登陆后雨带列车效应特征对比[J].气象,2024,50(8):997-1011,15.基金项目
浙江省台州市科技局社会发展项目(1901gy17)资助 （1901gy17）
