"数字健康"OA北大核心CSTPCD

In the context of a series of problems and challenges brought about by population growth and urban sprawl in the past three decades,problems and explorations have emerged in the planning and design aspects of open environment,public medical facilities,elderly care facilities,existing residential areas and other components of human settlements,such as environmental optimization,facility renovation,and functional transformation.The emergence of multi-source data and professional digital analysis tools can not only help planning and construction practitioners find problems more efficiently and accurately,but also provide scientific solutions and optimization methods,which is an important way for the development of the current healthy settlements design. With the increasing concern and demand for health among humans,the World Health Organization's concept of health has gradually shifted from the absence of diseases to disease prevention,health promotion,and ultimately to achieving comprehensive human health.As space carriers closely related to human habitation and life,hospital buildings,urban open spaces,elderly care buildings,residential areas,office buildings,and many other aspects of their design serve and affect various levels of human health.For example,hospital buildings directly related to human health have a significant impact on the efficiency of patient medical treatment due to their traffic flow and departmental spatial layout;the urban spatial form and environmental quality elements further constitute the value system of human health restorative benefits from physiological,emotional,and safety dimensions;in the context of aging population with uneven development of medical and elderly care,the functional configuration and spatial scale of medical and elderly care facilities greatly affect the health and elderly care needs of the elderly population. In order to response to above questions and challenges,this paper refers to the planning outline and strategy of Healthy China,combined with specific practices,and selects three important spatial scenes closely related to human life,which are closely related to"disease prevention"and"health promotion".The cross research progress of big data technology in human health design,including"quantification of health benefits","efficiency of medical design",and"collaboration of medical and elderly care",is summarized and sorted out,and the derived problems in the research and design stages are discussed separately,including"how to more accurately and comprehensively quantify health impacts","how to combine digital technology to assist scientific decision-making and strengthen design","how to create a data interconnection platform to efficiently and conveniently realize the health demands of stakeholders". In terms of the previous discussion,this article puts forward the following points of the future development:firstly,the advancement of new technologies related to virtual reality can more efficiently and accurately construct quantitative correlations between multiple links between the built environment and human health.For example,not only can traditional observation and recording methods be optimized by controlling variable experiments to eliminate the drawbacks of many interference factors in the real environment,but also provides opportunities for project stakeholders to make advance predictions and guidance before design,making it convenient for designers to improve the trial and error and final satisfaction of the design through a simulation evaluation optimization feedback mechanism before implementing the plan,and thus practicing"law research";secondly,on a digital platform based on BIM,building information modeling cloud data,analysis,and simulation are introduced into the communication and decision-making process:on the one hand,it facilitates research and designers to learn from past designs;on the other hand,it also promotes the establishment of an efficient operating mode of"design evaluation feedback optimization design";at the same time,the integrated building information in the platform also provides data and convenience for generative design and optimization.The integration of VR/AR technology with BIM can also facilitate cross disciplinary communication and collaboration,achieving humanized participatory design.Thirdly,digitization and AIGC technologies have developed to a relatively mature stage in the renovation and design of existing buildings,including optimization of layout and spatial organization,facade design,form generation,and optimization of building environmental performance.However,a clear path from top-level design to transformational design strategy has not yet been established,and design methods in practice still rely on traditional subjective experience.Therefore,relying on big data to drive the construction of quantitative indicators for building transformation,and establishing a universal design method for the transformation of medical and elderly care service functions,is the main direction for future exploration.