中国人口·资源与环境2024，Vol.34Issue(7)：120-132,13.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20231227
农业水价政策的节水效应
Water-saving effects of agricultural water pricing policies:a meta-analysis of the price elasticity of irrigation water demand
摘要
Abstract
The comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices in China has entered a critical stage,and it is inevitable that the inno-vation of water-saving incentive mechanisms involving various prices meets the challenge of direct responses of farmers to the actual cost of irrigation water,so the issue of price elasticity of irrigation water demand must be addressed.Based on the 237 estimates on price elasticity of irrigation water demand from 59 studies worldwide between 1963 and 2022,this study quantified the key factors con-tributing to variations in price elasticity through a metaregression analysis.Subsequently,we explored the potential intervention space for agricultural water pricing policies by considering the heterogeneous effects of both price levels and elasticity intervals.The following results were obtained:① Agricultural water prices had a positive impact on price elasticity,and increasing water prices remained an ef-fective and robust means of agricultural water saving.Moreover,as price elasticity intervals increased,the impact on price elasticity due to price rises became greater,leading to more significant water-saving effects.② The polyculture structure had higher price elasticity than the monoculture structure,and the price elasticity of high-value crops was lower than that of low-value crops.This indicated that the inhibitory effect of increasing water prices on irrigation water demand was more achievable when practicing polyculture or planting low-value crops.Furthermore,the water-saving effects of increasing water prices became more pronounced with wider price elasticity in-tervals in polyculture systems,whereas for farmers growing low-value crops,the watersaving effects of increasing water prices were more noticeable when the initial water price level was already high.③ Compared to irrigation system reliant on a single water source,irriga-tion systems utilizing multiple water sources showed greater sensitivity to water price increases.This highlighted the optimal timing of water price adjustments based on the elasticity interval,which could effectively encourage the implementation of new irrigation water source substitution projects.The empirical results provide policy implications for further deepening the comprehensive reform of agri-cultural water prices and building a water-saving society in China.More emphasis should be placed on the management of irrigation wa-ter demand,and the strategy of raising agricultural water prices should be determined by the response degree of irrigation water demand to water prices.Moreover,differentiated agricultural water pricing schemes should be formulated according to the regional cropping structure.Simultaneously,scientific water use prediction based on the price elasticity of irrigation water demand should be included in the demonstration stage of irrigation water source expansion projects.关键词
农业节水/水价政策/需求价格弹性/meta分析/政策干预空间Key words
agricultural water saving/water pricing policy/price elasticity of demand/meta-analysis/policy intervention space分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
孙天合,王金霞..农业水价政策的节水效应[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2024,34(7):120-132,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目"农业水价创新模式的运行机制及绩效评价:基于华北平原地下水超采区的实证研究"(批准号:71903047),"海河流域农村区域地下水超采综合治理措施的成效评估"(批准号:71874007) （批准号:71903047）
国家重点研发计划项目"黄淮海地区地下水超采治理与保护关键技术及应用示范"(批准号:2021YFC3200500) （批准号:2021YFC3200500）
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"农业水权交易实施条件及农业水市场影响评估:基于华北和西北地区的跨区集成研究"(批准号:19YJC790118) （批准号:19YJC790118）
教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目"新形势下我国粮食安全与水资源保障重大问题研究"(批准号:20JZD015). （批准号:20JZD015）
