食品科学2025，Vol.46Issue(7)：151-161,11.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20240809-080
控温控湿高温大曲在制酒生产过程中的应用
Application of High-Temperature Daqu with Controlled Temperature and Humidity in Baijiu Brewing
摘要
Abstract
To achieve automation of high-temperature Daqu production for jiang-flavor baijiu,temperature-and humidity-controlled rooms were employed.High-throughput sequencing and headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to detect the microbial communities and volatile flavor components of Jiupei(fermented grains)made with temperature-and humidity-controlled Daqu or traditional Daqu during the sixth round of baijiu brewing,respectively.The results showed that Firmicutes was the dominant bacterial phylum in the experimental(67.95%-86.04%)and control(81.24%-89.04%)cellars during the entire fermentation process.Ascomycota was the absolute dominant fungal phylum in both cellars,with relative abundance exceeding 97%.During the entire fermentation process,the dominant bacterial genera in the experimental cellar were Kroppenstedtia(18.50%),Virgibacillus(17.00%),and Thermoactinomyces(13.25%),and the dominant fungal genera were Monascus(25.93%),Thermomyces(17.75%),and Byssochlamys(15.78%).The dominant bacterial genera in the control cellar were Kroppenstedtia(30.05%),Virgibacillus(20.84%),and Oceanobacillus(15.00%),and the dominant fungal genera were Pichia(50.74%),Monascus(14.18%),and Byssochlamys(8.97%).A total of 97 volatile flavor compounds were identified in Jiupei,and the total content of volatile flavor compound was 2 143.29 and 2 521.04 mg/kg in the experimental and control cellars,respectively.Using the cutoff of variable importance in the projection(VIP)values greater than one,29 significantly differential volatile flavor compounds were identified.Spearman analysis was used to calculate the correlation between the significantly differential metabolites and the dominant microorganisms,revealing that the bacterial genera significantly positively correlated with the majority of ester compounds had a higher relative abundance in the experimental cellar compared with the control cellar,whereas the bacterial genera with a higher relative abundance in the control cellar,such as Pichia and Kroppenstedtia,were mainly positively correlated with most alcohol compounds.Analysis of the changes in microbial communities and volatile flavor compounds during the production of Daqu revealed that applying temperature-and humidity-controlled Daqu in the sixth round of baijiu brewing had a positive effect on the formation of most ester compounds.The metabolic function prediction of bacterial flora using the PICRUSt2 software showed that temperature-and humidity-controlled Daqu exhibited comparable safety and functionality to traditional Daqu in baijiu production.This research will contribute to the transformation and upgrading of the mechanized brewing mode for jiang-flavor baijiu.关键词
控温控湿曲房大曲/传统曲房大曲/制酒过程/微生物/风味Key words
temperature-and humidity-controlled Daqu/traditional Daqu/brewing process/microorganisms/flavor分类
轻工纺织引用本文复制引用
任婷婷,侯玉祥,卢君,晏培,山其木格,唐平,谭壹,李冰冰,尹学忠,陈双宇,曾大刚..控温控湿高温大曲在制酒生产过程中的应用[J].食品科学,2025,46(7):151-161,11.基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2023]一般149 （）
黔科合成果[2023]一般150 （）
黔科统研[2024]242号) （）
贵州省工信厅发展专项(202209) （202209）
