沈阳农业大学学报2025，Vol.56Issue(2)：42-52,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1700.2025.02.005
设施番茄栽培中氨基酸肥替代氮肥效应评估与施用策略优化
Effect and Optimization of Amino Acid Fertilizer as a Nitrogen Substitute in Greenhouse Tomato
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To address the challenges of soil nitrogen accumulation,yield reduction,and quality decline caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer application in greenhouse tomato cultivation,the effects of substituting chemical nitrogen fertilizer with amino acid fertilizer and the optimization of application strategy were studied.[Methods]The effects of substituting chemical nitrogen fertilizer with amino acid fertilizer at varying ratios on soil nitrogen dynamics,tomato yield,fruit quality,and nitrogen use efficiency through greenhouse tomato pot experiments were investigated.The maximum substitution potential and optimal replacement ratio were determined by comprehensively analyzing the yield and nitrogen use efficiency.[Results]The results showed that under equivalent nitrogen conditions,the treatment with 40%amino acid fertilizer substituting for nitrogen fertilizer(M4N6PK)increased the soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content,total plant nitrogen uptake,agronomic nitrogen efficiency,and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency by 39.18%,11.39%,68.37%,162.76%,and 89.27%,respectively,compared to the control(NPK);the yield of tomatoes was the highest,with an increase of 40.61%compared to the control,while significantly reducing the content of nitrate(26.14%)and nitrite(49.76%)in fruit,and enhancing the content of soluble sugar,organic acids,soluble protein,and vitamin C in fruit.Compared with the control(NPK),the treatment with 80%and 100%of amino acid fertilizer replacing nitrogen fertilizer(M8N2PK and M10N0PK)significantly reduced soil nitrate content,tomato yield,nitrate content in fruit and nitrogen use efficiency,while significantly increased the content of soluble sugar and vitamin C in fruit.Through model optimization,the maximum potential for amino acid fertilizer substitution was 66.20%,with the optimal substitution ratio being 35.25%,which could achieve a 42.86%increase in tomato yield and a 91.36%increase in nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency.[Conclusion]In greenhouse tomato cultivation,amino acid fertilizer replacing nitrogen fertilizer can significantly increase crop yield,quality and nitrogen use efficiency This study provides a theoretical basis for the technology of reducing chemical fertilizers and increasing the efficiency in protected tomato cultivation in cold regions.关键词
氨基酸肥/氮素利用率/替代比例/化肥减施/设施番茄Key words
amino acid fertilizer/nitrogen use efficiency/substitute ratio/chemical fertilizer reduction/protected cultivated tomato分类
园艺学与植物营养学引用本文复制引用
张国显,王子宁,杨丽娟,富宏丹,刘义玲,李振涛,林国林,孙周平..设施番茄栽培中氨基酸肥替代氮肥效应评估与施用策略优化[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2025,56(2):42-52,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划课题项目(2023YFD2300705 （）
2020YFD1000303) （）
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23) （CARS-23）
