茶叶科学2025，Vol.45Issue(2)：219-233,15.
基于农艺性状和SNP分子标记的湖南78份茶树种质资源遗传多样性研究
Study on the Genetic Diversity of 78 Tea Germplasm Resources in Hunan Based on Agronomic Traits and SNP Molecular Markers
摘要
Abstract
To clarify the genetic diversity of tea germplasm resources in Hunan Province,explore the genetic structure of germplasm resources for accurate identification and evaluation,genotyping by targeted sequencing(GBTS)was used to genotype and analyze the genetic diversity of 76 252 SNP loci in 78 tea germplasm resources in Hunan Province.A total of 30 agronomic traits and 15 biochemical components of this batch of resources were accurately identified.The results show that there was abundant genetic variation among 78 tea germplasm resources in Hunan Province,with a genetic diversity index of 0.07-2.08 for phenotypic traits and a coefficient of variation of 2.26％-47.50％.The smallest was the number of calyxs and the largest was the depth of leaf serration.The genetic diversity index of the biochemical components was 1.36-2.09,and the coefficient of variation was 5.90％-1 18.49％,with the smallest being water extract and the largest being gallic acid.When the Euclidean distance was 20,the 78 tea germplasm resources could be divided into five groups,and there were significant differences in leaf length,leaf size,leaf base shape,ratio of polyphenols/amino acids,GA,THEO,GC,EGC,EC,EGCG,GCG and ECG in groupsⅠ and Ⅲ.Based on the genotype detection results of 78 resources,a phylogenetic tree was constructed,and 78 resources could be divided into three groups.At the same time,this study identified 23 tea resources with specific phenotypic traits,high levels of functional components such as amino acids,theobromine and caffeine.The results of this study could provide a basis for the protection and utilization of tea germplasm resources in Hunan.关键词
茶树/种质资源/精准鉴定/靶向测序基因型检测/遗传多样性Key words
tea plant/germplasm resources/accurate identification/genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)/genetic diversity分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
郭佳璐,璩馥榕,蔡天晨,赵洋,杨培迪,刘勇,周跃斌,刘振..基于农艺性状和SNP分子标记的湖南78份茶树种质资源遗传多样性研究[J].茶叶科学,2025,45(2):219-233,15.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-19) （CARS-19）
