沈阳农业大学学报2025，Vol.56Issue(4)：13-23,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1700.2025.04.002
生物炭对中国水稻产量与氮肥利用效率的影响
Effects of Biochar Incorporation on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency in China
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to elucidate the efficacy,key determinants,and regulatory mechanisms of biochar application in Chinese rice production systems.[Method]Through a comprehensive literature analysis,we evaluated biochar's impact on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in China,quantitatively assessed the relative contributions of soil properties,biochar characteristics,and agronomic practices to the observed effects.[Results]The results indicate that biochar incorporation increased rice yields by an average of 9.70%and enhanced NUE by 12.00%in China.The material,C/N ratio,pH,and pyrolysis temperature are key factors affecting its performance,with straw and husk-derived biochar demonstrating the most significant efficacy.Biochar is most effective in alkaline(pH>7.5)and acidic(pH<6.5)soils with fine to medium textures.The dose and time effects were significant after returning biochar to the field.A positive dose-response relationship existed,with notable yield improvements at application rates exceeding 10 t·hm-2,however the efficacy declined over time.Meanwhile,the agronomic practices can also affect the effect of biochar.It is most significant under alternating wet and dry conditions and high nitrogen fertilization rate(>250 kg·hm-2).Regional analysis highlighted greater benefits in southern rice-growing areas.Machine learning revealed that the significance of the factors on biochar efficacy is soil properties>biochar characteristics>agronomic practices.[Conclusion]The application of biochar in rice production in China can effectively increase rice yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency.The rice yield and NUE can be increased by scientifically coordinating the material and application dose of biochar,the management practices and soil properties can simultaneously increase yields and NUE,to provide theoretical and technological support for promoting low-carbon,green and environmentally sustainable rice production in China.关键词
生物炭/水稻/产量/氮肥利用效率Key words
biochar/rice/yield/nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孙媛媛,顾闻琦,吴迪,修立群,唐亮,张伟明,陈温福..生物炭对中国水稻产量与氮肥利用效率的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2025,56(4):13-23,11.基金项目
黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项项目(XDA28090300) （XDA28090300）
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1501202 （）
2016YFD0300904-4) （）
院士专项基金项目(2009) （2009）
