沈阳农业大学学报2025，Vol.56Issue(6)：92-102,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1700.2025.06.009
炭氮运筹模式对水稻氮素积累、转运与利用及产量的影响
Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Management Models on Nitrogen Accumulation,Transport,Utilization and Yield of Rice
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Study was carried out to explore the effects of different biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application patterns on nitrogen accumulation,translocation,utilization efficiency and grain yield,and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of increase of rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency through integrated management of biochar and nitrogen.[Methods]Taking biochar from Shennong 265 and corn stalk as test materials,using random block design,three nitrogen fertilizer application models and three biochar application rates were set up,namely,no nitrogen fertilizer application model(M0),high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer application model(M1),farmer nitrogen fertilizer application model(M2),0 t·hm-2(B0),15 t·hm-2(B1),and 45 t·hm-2(B2),a total of 9 treatments.[Results]The biochar and nitrogen management models promoted the accumulation and transport of dry matter in rice,and had a significant effect on the dry matter transport before flowering and dry matter accumulation after flowering.The dry matter accumulation and transport of treatment M1B2 was the best,and the relationship between sink and source could be further coordinated.The nitrogen accumulation of each organ of rice at full heading stage and maturity stage was increased under the biochar and nitrogen management models,the nitrogen accumulation of stem,leaf and panicle of M1B2 treatment was the highest.The nitrogen accumulation of sheath of M2B2 treatment was the highest at both full heading stage and maturity stage.The biochar and nitrogen management models had a positive effect on the nitrogen transport of rice.The highest apparent nitrogen transfer amount of stem and leaf was M2B2 treatment.The apparent nitrogen transfer rate of stem and leaf and the contribution rate of transferred nitrogen from stem and leaf to grain nitrogen were both the highest of M0B2 treatment.At the same time,the utilization of nitrogen in rice was improved.Under the influence of this model,the nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity were the highest under M1B2 treatment,the highest nitrogen physiological utilization rate was M1B0 treatment,and the highest nitrogen agronomic utilization rate was M1B1 treatment.There were significant differences in the effects of each treatment on yield under the biochar and nitrogen management models.Among them,the yield of M1B2 treatment was the highest,which was 12.76 t·hm-2,mainly due to the higher spike rate and the increase of effective spikes of M1B2 treatment.[Conclusion]In summary,the biochar and nitrogen management models can improve the accumulation and transport rate of dry matter in rice,and it can promote the nitrogen accumulation in various organs of rice and the transport and utilization of nitrogen in rice.It also improves the panicle rate and seed setting rate of rice,thereby achieving high yield and high efficiency.关键词
水稻/炭氮运筹/氮素积累与转运/氮肥利用率/产量Key words
rice/biochar and nitrogen management models/nitrogen accumulation and transport/nitrogen utilization efficiency/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
付一辰,张文忠,郭子铭,张忠成,陈琳琳,唐舒怡,邴欣悦,孙仲成,兰雪,高继平..炭氮运筹模式对水稻氮素积累、转运与利用及产量的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2025,56(6):92-102,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2301603) （2023YFD2301603）
国家自然科学基金项目(31501250) （31501250）
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2025-MS-165) （2025-MS-165）
辽宁省科技重大专项(2024JH1/11700006-4-2) （2024JH1/11700006-4-2）
