食品科学技术学报2025，Vol.43Issue(6)：17-27,11.DOI:10.12301/spxb202500421
氨基酸与肠道菌群互作对人体健康的调控机制研究进展
Research Progress on Regulatory Mechanism of Amino Acid-Gut Microbiota Interactions in Human Health
摘要
Abstract
Amino acids are key nutrients involved in human growth and development,metabolic regulation,and immune balance.Metabolic processes of amino acids are not only regulated by the host itself,but also closely associated with the metabolic activities of gut microbiota.Through diverse enzymatic systems and metabolic pathways,gut microbiota specifically transforms dietary-derived amino acids,forming a complex network that is both complementary to and synergistic with host metabolism,which plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily health.The specific metabolic pathways of aromatic amino acids,branched-chain amino acids,arginine,and lysine mediated by gut microbiota were systematically elaborated,including key reactions such as decarboxylation,transamination,and redox,with special focus on the probiotic genera possessing these metabolic functions.Meanwhile,the mechanisms by which bioactive substances(indole derivatives,branched-chain short-chain fatty acids,and polyamines)produced from amino acid metabolism by gut microbiota act in maintaining intestinal barrier function,regulating immune homeostasis,protecting neural function,modulating energy metabolism,and preserving cardiovascular and skeletal health were summarized.From the perspective of food nutrition and health,the molecular mechanisms and physiological significance of the interaction between amino acids and gut microbiota were deeply explored,providing important theoretical basis and application prospects for the development of precise nutritional intervention strategies such as functional foods and dietary supplements based on the amino acid-gut microbiota axis.关键词
氨基酸/肠道菌群/代谢互作/吲哚类衍生物/支链氨基酸/免疫稳态/健康调控/膳食干预Key words
amino acids/gut microbiota/metabolic interactions/indole derivatives/branched-chain amino acids/immune homeostasis/health regulation/dietary intervention分类
轻工纺织引用本文复制引用
LU Wenwei,PEI Zhangming,CHEN Wei..氨基酸与肠道菌群互作对人体健康的调控机制研究进展[J].食品科学技术学报,2025,43(6):17-27,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1100203).National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1100203). （2022YFF1100203）
