电子元件与材料2026，Vol.45Issue(1)：95-104,10.DOI:10.14106/j.cnki.1001-2028.2026.1268
考虑电磁脉冲损伤的无人机收发信号增强方法
Signal enhancement method for unmanned aerial vehicle transmission and reception considering electromagnetic pulse damage
摘要
Abstract
To solve the problem of communication interruption in unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)under strong electromagnetic pulses,this paper proposed a signal enhancement method for UAV transceiving considering electromagnetic pulse damage.Based on the analysis of the electromagnetic pulse damage tolerance and damage conditions of UAV GPS devices,this method designed a magnetic bead anti-interference filtering circuit,which suppressed the intrusion of electromagnetic pulse signals into the communication channel through the synergistic effects of ultra-high frequency signal absorption by magnetic beads,capacitive filtering,and resistive voltage division.Meanwhile,the Minimum Variance Distortionless Response(MVDR)beamforming algorithm was adopted to suppress electromagnetic pulse damage and noise interference,thus achieving high-gain signal transceiving.When signal interruption was caused by severe electromagnetic pulse damage,frequency hopping spread spectrum processing was applied to ensure communication integrity,realizing effective enhancement of UAV signal transceiving in electromagnetic pulse-damaged environments.The experimental results show that the magnetic bead anti-interference filtering circuit significantly reduces the fluctuation amplitude of the pulse interference waveform and makes it flattened.The enhanced signal strength is concentrated in the range of-20 dBm to-40 dBm.Specifically,when the electromagnetic pulse strength is 30 V/m,the received signal strength is-35.5 dBm;when the strength increases to 240 V/m,the received signal strength drops to-69.0 dBm.The bit error rate increases significantly with the rise of electromagnetic pulse intensity:it is only 0.05%at 30 V/m,while rising to as high as 0.95%at 240 V/m.In addition,the system exhibits a larger anti-interference margin under the same electromagnetic pulse intensity.This method constructs a triple protection mechanism consisting of hardware filtering,spatial beam optimization,and frequency domain hopping,which achieves progressive suppression of electromagnetic pulse damage and significantly improves the communication reliability of UAVs.关键词
电磁脉冲损伤/无人机通信/信号增强/滤波电路/自适应波束形成/跳频扩频Key words
electromagnetic pulse damage/UAV communication/signal enhancement/filter circuit/adaptive beamforming/frequency-hopping spread spectrum分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
张文军,赖秀炎,冯洋,沈彦之,杨敏..考虑电磁脉冲损伤的无人机收发信号增强方法[J].电子元件与材料,2026,45(1):95-104,10.基金项目
国家电网有限公司双创孵化培育基金项目(B711JZ23000C) （B711JZ23000C）
