沈阳农业大学学报2026，Vol.57Issue(2)：56-65,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1700.2026.02.007
免耕旱直播对东北水稻土理化性质和稻米品效的影响
Effects of the No-till Dry Direct Seeding on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Rice Quality in Northeast China
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]No-till dry direct seeding is regarded as a sustainable cropping practice that conserves soil structure and reduces labor input.However,its performance and suitable cultivars in the Northeast China rice region remain unclear,and systematic comparisons with other established practices are lacking.[Method]A field experiment was conducted in Tieling City,Liaoning Province in 2022,involving three cultivation practices:conventional tillage(CT),no-till dry direct seeding(MT),and water-saving transplanting(ST).Three rice cultivars(Tiejing 11,Tonghe 829,and Beijing 1604)were used.We evaluated the production performance and cultivar adaptability by comparing soil physicochemical properties,grain yield,and quality among the practices.[Results]Compared with CT,MT significantly increased soil total phosphorus(+31.9%)and pH(+6.4%).Relative to ST,MT showed 35.4%higher available phosphorus,7.9%higher alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,and 5.7%lower bulk density.Although grain yield in the MT was lower than that in CT and ST,Tiejing 11 demonstrated better adaptability,yielding 27.0%and 21.1%more than the other two cultivars,respectively.Rice from MT had lower protein but higher amylose content compared to the other practices.ST maintained a yield level similar to CT,with Tiejing 11 and Beijing 1604 under ST having higher amylose content than Tonghe 829.Two-way ANOVA revealed significant interactions between cultivar and practice for yield,head rice rate,and chalkiness.[Conclusion]No-tillage dry direct seeding improved some soil physicochemical properties but resulted in a slight yield reduction in the short term,with performance varying markedly among cultivars.Water-saving transplanting maintained yield with reduced water input.The appropriate matching of cultivars with cultivation practices is crucial for synergistically achieving high yield and superior quality in northern rice production systems.Optimization based on local resource conditions and production goals is recommended for sustainable intensification.关键词
免耕旱直播/移栽节水/水稻品种/土壤肥力/产量/稻米品质Key words
no-tillage dry direct seeding/transplanting water saving/rice varieties/soil fertility/yield/rice quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
安宁,查宇,郭文钊,任彬彬,吴正超,韩晓日,刘学,李宏哲,韩巍..免耕旱直播对东北水稻土理化性质和稻米品效的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2026,57(2):56-65,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1501200) （2023YFD1501200）
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41807014) （41807014）
