食品科学2026，Vol.47Issue(11)：366-378,13.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251210-094
物理技术促进谷物萌发中的增效机制与研究进展
Physical Technologies for Promoting Grain Germination:Mechanisms of Synergistic Action and Research Progress
摘要
Abstract
Germination is a key biological process to improve the nutritional quality and functional properties of grains.In recent years,with their advantages of environmental friendliness and pollution-free nature,physical technologies such as magnetic field,electric field,microwave,and irradiation(ultraviolet,infrared/near-infrared)have been gradually applied to improve the quality and efficiency of grain germination.Magnetic field,electric field,and microwave exert their effects mainly through non-thermal mechanisms,while irradiation exerts both thermal and non-thermal effects.In this article,we systematically review the application effects and mechanisms of the four types of physical techniques in promoting grain germination.The results show that physical treatment with appropriate parameters can significantly improve the germination rate of grains,accelerate the germination process,and promote radicle elongation and biomass accumulation.By activating amylase,protease and key enzymes involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways,it can enrich bioactive components such as γ-aminobutyric acid,phenols,and flavonoids.It can also enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes,reduce the content of malondialdehyde,and alleviate oxidative damage caused by lipid peroxidation.Its core mechanism involves the regulation of cell membrane structure and function,the activation of ion channels and signal transduction pathways,and the upregulation of the expression of germination and metabolism-related genes.Although physical technologies have broad prospects in the enrichment and processing of active substances in grain sprouts,they still face challenges in parameter standardization,in-depth analysis of the mechanism of action and large-scale application.This paper aims to provide theoretical support for the development of green and efficient grain processing technologies.关键词
物理处理/谷物萌发/抗氧化系统/分子机制/协同调控Key words
physical treatment/grain germination/antioxidant system/molecular mechanism/synergistic regulation分类
轻工纺织引用本文复制引用
程燕,朱志向,王顺民,王俊珍,刘静文,董菁..物理技术促进谷物萌发中的增效机制与研究进展[J].食品科学,2026,47(11):366-378,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772025) （31772025）
安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1808085MC93) （1808085MC93）
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410363053) （202410363053）
