摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To establish a standardized analytical method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF-MS)for systematic profiling of anthocyanin composition in 17 common dark fruits,providing reliable data for anthocyanin research,quality control,and database development.[Method]Seventeen natural fruits species,including blueberry,black goji,and cranberry,were analyzed under unified experimental conditions.Anthocyanins were separated by UPLC and characterized using QTOF-MS for accurate molecular weights and diagnostic fragment ions(e.g.,aglycone product ions),combined with UV-Vis spectral data.Structural identification was achieved by comparing retention times and mass spectra with reference data from the literature.[Result]A total of 35 anthocyanins were identified,all derived from six common aglycones:cyanidin,delphinidin,petunidin,peonidin,pelargonidin,and malvidin.Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside was detected in 11 berry species,confirming its status as the most prevalent anthocyanin.Blueberry and bilberry contained all six aglycone types,exhibiting the most diverse anthocyanin profiles.Furthermore,elution trends under reversed-phase UPLC were established:for anthocyanins with identical glycosylation,the retention order of aglycones was delphinidin<cyanidin<petunidin<pelargonidin<peonidin<malvidin;for those with the same aglycone,the retention order of glycosides was galactoside<glucoside<arabinoside,consistent with previously reported data.The total anthocyanin content of 17 dark fruits ranged from 0.19%to 5.88%,and the total anthocyanin content of blueberry was the highest(5.88%±0.55%).[Conclusion]This study presents UPLC fingerprint profiles of anthocyanins in 17 fruit species under standardized conditions,clarifying their major components and structural characteristics.The results provide a foundational chemical profile of berry anthocyanins,supporting quality assessment,varietal authentication,and traceability of berry-derived products.关键词
花色苷/超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-QTOF-MS)/新鲜深色水果Key words
anthocyanins/Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatograph-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer(UPLC-QTOF-MS)/berry species
