中外葡萄与葡萄酒Issue(5)：52-63,12.DOI:10.13414/j.cnki.zwpp.2026.05.007
中国主栽酿酒葡萄品质性状特征与产区分异规律
Quality Traits and Regional Differentiation of Major Wine Grape Cultivars in China
摘要
Abstract
To characterize the fruit quality of major wine grape cultivars across diverse production regions in China,this study investigated nine wine grape cultivars,namely Vitis vinifera'Cabernet Sauvignon''Chardonnay''Merlot''Cabernet Gernischt''Italian Riesling''Marselan''Pinot Noir''Cabernet Franc'and'Syrah',collected from nine production regions including Ningxia,Xinjiang,Shandong and Gansu.Multiple statistical approaches were adopted,including frequency distribution analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),analysis of variance(ANOVA),coefficient of variation(CV)-based stability evaluation and cluster heatmap analysis,to systematically elucidate the variation characteristics and differentiation patterns of key quality traits.The results showed that for all tested wine grape cultivars:(1)Soluble solids content and titratable acidity followed normal distributions,while total phenols,tannins and berry mass exhibited approximately normal distributions with considerable dispersion caused by a small number of extreme values.(2)Three core quality dimensions were identified:solid-acid indicators,total phenols and tannins,and berry mass.The cumulative variance contribution rate of the three principal components reached 78.22%,which effectively reflected the overall quality differences among grape samples.(3)Growing region exerted an extremely significant effect(P＜0.001),and vintage exhibited a significant effect(P＜0.05)on wine grape quality.The regional effect was stronger than the vintage effect,serving as the dominant factor determining quality profiles.(4)Quality traits differed hierarchically in their sensitivity to regional environmental conditions.The fluctuation magnitude followed the order:total phenols＞tannins＞solid-acid ratio＞titratable acidity＞berry mass＞soluble solids content.Soluble solids content possessed the highest stability(CV:6.97%-13.8%),whereas total phenols were most sensitive to regional environmental fluctuations(maximum CV up to 86.2%).(5)Cluster analysis based on quality traits classified the nine production regions into two major groups and four subgroups.Regions with similar terroir displayed comparable fruit quality traits within groups,while obvious quality differentiation was observed between groups.In conclusion,the quality of wine grapes in China exhibits distinct regional differentiation patterns.The findings provide scientific support for functional zoning of wine grape-producing regions,optimized cultivar deployment,and precision regulation of cultivation practices.关键词
酿酒葡萄/品质性状/方差分析/稳定性分析/风土Key words
wine grape/quality trait/analysis of variance/stability analysis/terroir分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
徐超,刘文,孙振宇,张瑞,胡文效,房经贵,徐国前..中国主栽酿酒葡萄品质性状特征与产区分异规律[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2026,(5):52-63,12.基金项目
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2025BBF02001)山东省重点研发计划(科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程,2024TSGC0460) （2025BBF02001）
