小麦骨干亲本周8425B矮秆基因在其衍生品种(系)中的遗传解析OA北大核心CSTPCD

In this study,219 wheat varieties(lines)derived from Zhou 8425B were used as test materials,and the molecular markers of four main dwarf genes[reduced height 1(Rht1),Rht2,Rht8 and Rht24]were used to detect them to determine the distribution,combination type and influence of the dwarf genes on plant height and yield related traits of wheat,so as to lay the foundation for the continuous genetic research of core wheat parent Zhou 8425B and the application of molecular marker-assisted selection for dwarf genes in wheat.The results showed that the distribution frequencies of dwarf genes Rht1,Rht2,Rht8 and Rht24 were 94.52%,100.00%,42.00%and 97.26%in varieties(lines)derived from Zhou 8425B,respectively.Among the 219 samples,the type of single dwarf gene wasn't found;instead,various dwarf genes were found to coexist in combination.There were seven combination types for the four dwarf genes,namely Rht1+Rht2,Rht2+Rht8,Rht2+Rht24,Rht1+Rht2+Rht8,Rht1+Rht2+Rht24,Rht2+Rth8+Rth24 and Rth1+Rth2+Rth8+Rth24.The frequency of Rht1+Rht2+Rht24 was the highest with 53.42%,and the frequency of Rht2+Rht8 was the lowest with 0.46%.For single dwarf gene,Rht8 had the strongest culm reduction effect,while Rht1 had the weakest;for dwarf gene combination,Rht1+Rht2 combination had the strongest culm reduction effect,while Rht1+Rht2+Rht8 combination had the weakest.For single dwarf gene,Rht2 genotype had the highest yield,with plant height of 77.38 cm;the yield of Rht8 genotype was the lowest,with plant height of 76.71 cm.For dwarf gene combination,Rht2+Rht8 combination had the highest yield,with plant height of 78.21 cm;the combination of Rht1+Rht2 had the lowest yield,with plant height of 75.85 cm.The results of correlation analysis between yield-related traits and four dwarf genes showed that,in a certain range,proper increase of plant height was beneficial to the increase of plant biomass,harvest index and yield.Three wheat materials with higher yields were selected,including Zhengmai 103,Cunmai 13 and Zhongyu 1220,with plant heights of 82.79 cm,78.71 cm and 82.50 cm,respectively,and their dwarf gene combination was all Rht1+Rht2+Rht24.